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+# Trac Macros
+
+[[PageOutline(2-5,Contents,pullout)]]
+
+**Trac macros** extend the Trac engine with custom functionality. Macros are a special type of plugin and are written in Python. A macro inserts dynamic HTML data in any context supporting WikiFormatting.
+
+The macro syntax is `[[macro-name(optional-arguments)]]`.
+
+**WikiProcessors** are another kind of macros. They are typically used for source code highlighting, such as `!#python` or `!#apache` and when the source code spans multiple lines, such as:
+
+```
+```#!wiki-processor-name
+...
+```
+```
+
+## Using Macros
+
+Macro calls are enclosed in double-square brackets `[[..]]`. Like Python functions, macros can have arguments, which is then a comma separated list within parentheses `[[..(,)]]`.
+
+### Getting Detailed Help
+
+The list of available macros and the full help can be obtained using the MacroList macro, as seen [#AvailableMacros below].
+
+A brief list can be obtained via `[[MacroList(*)]]` or `[[?]]`.
+
+Detailed help on a specific macro can be obtained by passing it as an argument to MacroList, e.g. `[[MacroList(MacroList)]]`, or, more conveniently, by appending a question mark (`?`) to the macro's name, like in `[[MacroList?]]`.
+
+### Example
+
+A list of the 3 most recently changed wiki pages starting with 'Trac':
+
+| Wiki Markup | Display |
+|---|---|
+```#!td
+  ```
+  [[RecentChanges(Trac,3)]]
+
+  ```
+```
+```#!td style="padding-left: 2em;"
+[[RecentChanges(Trac,3)]]
+```
+|-----------------------------------
+```#!td
+  ```
+  [[RecentChanges?(Trac,3)]]
+  ```
+```
+```#!td style="padding-left: 2em;"
+[[RecentChanges?(Trac,3)]]
+```
+|-----------------------------------
+```#!td
+  ```
+  [[?]]
+  ```
+```
+```#!td style="padding-left: 2em"
+```#!html
+<div class="trac-macrolist">
+<h3><code>[[Image]]</code></h3>Embed an image in wiki-formatted text.
+
+The first argument is the file, as in <code>[[Image(filename.png)]]</code>
+<h3><code>[[InterTrac]]</code></h3>Provide a list of known <a class="wiki" href="/wiki/InterTrac">InterTrac</a> prefixes.
+<h3><code>[[InterWiki]]</code></h3>Provide a description list for the known <a class="wiki" href="/wiki/InterWiki">InterWiki</a> prefixes.
+<h3><code>[[KnownMimeTypes]]</code></h3>List all known mime-types which can be used as <a class="wiki" href="/wiki/WikiProcessors">WikiProcessors</a>.
+</div>
+```
+etc.
+```
+
+## Available Macros
+
+*Note that the following list will only contain the macro documentation if you've not enabled `-OO` optimizations, or not set the `PythonOptimize` option for [wiki:TracModPython mod_python].*
+
+[[MacroList]]
+
+## Macros from around the world
+
+The [Trac Hacks] site provides a wide collection of macros and other Trac [TracPlugins plugins](http://trac-hacks.org/) contributed by the Trac community. If you are looking for new macros, or have written one that you would like to share, please visit that site.
+
+## Developing Custom Macros
+
+Macros, like Trac itself, are written in the [Python programming language](http://python.org/) and are developed as part of TracPlugins.
+
+For more information about developing macros, see the [trac:TracDev development resources] on the main project site.
+
+Here are 2 simple examples showing how to create a Macro. Also, have a look at [trac:source:tags/trac-1.0.2/sample-plugins/Timestamp.py Timestamp.py] for an example that shows the difference between old style and new style macros and at the [trac:source:tags/trac-0.11/wiki-macros/README macros/README] which provides more insight about the transition.
+
+### Macro without arguments
+
+To test the following code, save it in a `timestamp_sample.py` file located in the TracEnvironment's `plugins/` directory.
+
+```#!python
+from datetime import datetime
+# Note: since Trac 0.11, datetime objects are used internally
+
+from genshi.builder import tag
+
+from trac.util.datefmt import format_datetime, utc
+from trac.wiki.macros import WikiMacroBase
+
+class TimeStampMacro(WikiMacroBase):
+    """Inserts the current time (in seconds) into the wiki page."""
+
+    revision = "$Rev$"
+    url = "$URL$"
+
+    def expand_macro(self, formatter, name, text):
+        t = datetime.now(utc)
+        return tag.strong(format_datetime(t, '%c'))
+```
+
+### Macro with arguments
+
+To test the following code, save it in a `helloworld_sample.py` file located in the TracEnvironment's `plugins/` directory.
+
+```#!python
+from genshi.core import Markup
+
+from trac.wiki.macros import WikiMacroBase
+
+class HelloWorldMacro(WikiMacroBase):
+    """Simple HelloWorld macro.
+
+    Note that the name of the class is meaningful:
+     - it must end with "Macro"
+     - what comes before "Macro" ends up being the macro name
+
+    The documentation of the class (i.e. what you're reading)
+    will become the documentation of the macro, as shown by
+    the !MacroList macro (usually used in the WikiMacros page).
+    """
+
+    revision = "$Rev$"
+    url = "$URL$"
+
+    def expand_macro(self, formatter, name, text, args):
+        """Return some output that will be displayed in the Wiki content.
+
+        `name` is the actual name of the macro (no surprise, here it'll be
+        `'HelloWorld'`),
+        `text` is the text enclosed in parenthesis at the call of the macro.
+          Note that if there are ''no'' parenthesis (like in, e.g.
+          [[HelloWorld]]), then `text` is `None`.
+        `args` are the arguments passed when HelloWorld is called using a
+        `#!HelloWorld` code block.
+        """
+        return 'Hello World, text = %s, args = %s' % \
+            (Markup.escape(text), Markup.escape(repr(args)))
+
+```
+
+Note that `expand_macro` optionally takes a 4^th^ parameter *`args`*. When the macro is called as a [WikiProcessors WikiProcessor], it is also possible to pass `key=value` [WikiProcessors#UsingProcessors processor parameters]. If given, those are stored in a dictionary and passed in this extra `args` parameter. In the other case, when called as a macro, `args` is `None`. (*since 0.12*).
+
+For example, when writing:
+```
+```#!HelloWorld style="polite" -silent verbose
+<Hello World!>
+```
+
+```#!HelloWorld
+<Hello World!>
+```
+
+[[HelloWorld(<Hello World!>)]]
+```
+
+One should get:
+```
+Hello World, text = <Hello World!>, args = {'style': u'polite', 'silent': False, 'verbose': True}
+Hello World, text = <Hello World!>, args = {}
+Hello World, text = <Hello World!>, args = None
+```
+
+Note that the return value of `expand_macro` is **not** HTML escaped. Depending on the expected result, you should escape it yourself (using `return Markup.escape(result)`) or, if this is indeed HTML, wrap it in a Markup object (`return Markup(result)`) with `Markup` coming from Genshi (`from genshi.core import Markup`).
+
+You can also recursively use a wiki Formatter (`from trac.wiki import Formatter`) to process the `text` as wiki markup:
+
+```#!python
+from genshi.core import Markup
+from trac.wiki.macros import WikiMacroBase
+from trac.wiki import Formatter
+import StringIO
+
+class HelloWorldMacro(WikiMacroBase):
+    def expand_macro(self, formatter, name, text, args):
+        text = "whatever '''wiki''' markup you want, even containing other macros"
+        # Convert Wiki markup to HTML, new style
+        out = StringIO.StringIO()
+        Formatter(self.env, formatter.context).format(text, out)
+        return Markup(out.getvalue())
+```