#!/usr/bin/env python
#
# Copyright (c) 2016, NORDUnet A/S All rights reserved.
#
# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
# met:
# - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
# this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
#
# - Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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# - Neither the name of the NORDUnet nor the names of its contributors may
# be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
# without specific prior written permission.
#
# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS
# IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
# TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A
# PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
# HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
# SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
# TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
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"""
Utility to upload a new firmware image or FPGA bitstream.
"""
import os
import sys
import time
import struct
import serial
import getpass
import os.path
import tarfile
import argparse
import platform
from binascii import crc32
FIRMWARE_CHUNK_SIZE = 4096
FPGA_CHUNK_SIZE = 4096
def parse_args():
"""
Parse the command line arguments
"""
share_directory = "/usr/share" if platform.system() == "Linux" else "/usr/local/share"
default_tarball = os.path.join(share_directory, "cryptech-alpha-firmware.tar.gz")
if not os.path.exists(default_tarball):
default_tarball = None
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description = __doc__,
formatter_class = argparse.ArgumentDefaultsHelpFormatter,
)
parser.add_argument("-d", "--device",
default = os.getenv("CRYPTECH_CTY_CLIENT_SERIAL_DEVICE", "/dev/ttyUSB0"),
help = "Name of management port USB serial device",
)
parser.add_argument("--firmware-tarball",
type = argparse.FileType("rb"),
default = default_tarball,
help = "Location of firmware tarball",
)
parser.add_argument("--username",
choices = ("so", "wheel"),
default = "so",
help = "Username to use when logging into the HSM",
)
actions = parser.add_mutually_exclusive_group(required = True)
actions.add_argument("--fpga",
action = "store_true",
help = "Upload FPGA bitstream",
)
actions.add_argument("--firmware", "--hsm",
action = "store_true",
help = "Upload HSM firmware image",
)
actions.add_argument("--bootloader",
action = "store_true",
help = "Upload bootloader image (dangerous!)",
)
parser.add_argument("--simon-says-whack-my-bootloader",
action = "store_true",
help = "Confirm that you really want to risk bricking the HSM",
)
parser.add_argument("-i", "--explicit-image",
type = argparse.FileType("rb"),
help = "Explicit source image file for upload, overrides firmware tarball")
parser.add_argument("--separate-pins",
action = "store_true",
help = "Prompt separately for each PIN required during upload")
parser.add_argument("--debug",
action = "store_true",
help = "Enable debugging of upload protocol",
)
return parser.parse_args()
def _write(dst, data):
numeric = isinstance(data, (int, long))
if numeric:
data = struct.pack("<I", data)
dst.write(data)
if args.debug:
if numeric:
print("Wrote 0x{!s}".format(data.encode("hex")))
else:
print("Wrote {!r}".format(data))
def _read(dst):
res = ""
x = dst.read(1)
while not x:
x = dst.read(1)
while x:
res += x
x = dst.read(1)
if args.debug:
print ("Read {!r}".format(res))
return res
pin = None
def _execute(dst, cmd):
global pin
_write(dst, "\r")
prompt = _read(dst)
if prompt.endswith("Username: "):
_write(dst, args.username + "\r")
prompt = _read(dst)
if prompt.endswith("Password: "):
if not pin or args.separate_pins:
pin = getpass.getpass("{} PIN: ".format(args.username))
_write(dst, pin + "\r")
prompt = _read(dst)
if not prompt.endswith(("> ", "# ")):
print("Device does not seem to be ready for a file transfer (got {!r})".format(prompt))
return prompt
_write(dst, cmd + "\r")
response = _read(dst)
return response
def send_file(src, size, args, dst):
if args.fpga:
chunk_size = FPGA_CHUNK_SIZE
response = _execute(dst, "fpga bitstream upload")
elif args.firmware:
chunk_size = FIRMWARE_CHUNK_SIZE
response = _execute(dst, "firmware upload")
if "Rebooting" in response:
response = _execute(dst, "firmware upload")
elif args.bootloader:
chunk_size = FIRMWARE_CHUNK_SIZE
response = _execute(dst, "bootloader upload")
if "Access denied" in response:
print "Access denied"
return False
if not "OK" in response:
print("Device did not accept the upload command (got {!r})".format(response))
return False
crc = 0
counter = 0
# 1. Write size of file (4 bytes)
_write(dst, struct.pack("<I", size))
response = _read(dst)
if not response.startswith("Send "):
print response
return False
# 2. Write file contents while calculating CRC-32
while True:
data = src.read(chunk_size)
if not data:
break
dst.write(data)
print("Wrote {!s} bytes (chunk {!s}/{!s})".format(len(data), counter, int(size / chunk_size)))
# read ACK (a counter of number of 4k chunks received)
while True:
ack_bytes = dst.read(4)
if len(ack_bytes) == 4:
break
print("ERROR: Did not receive an ACK, got {!r}".format(ack_bytes))
dst.write("\r") # eventually get back to the CLI prompt
ack = struct.unpack("<I", ack_bytes)[0]
if ack != counter + 1:
print("ERROR: Did not receive the expected counter as ACK (got {!r}/{!r}, not {!r})".format(ack, ack_bytes, counter))
flush = dst.read(100)
print("FLUSH data: {!r}".format(flush))
return False
counter += 1
crc = crc32(data, crc) & 0xffffffff
_read(dst)
# 3. Write CRC-32 (4 bytes)
_write(dst, struct.pack("<I", crc))
response = _read(dst)
print response
src.close()
if args.fpga:
# tell the fpga to read its new configuration
_execute(dst, "fpga reset")
# log out of the CLI
# (firmware/bootloader upgrades reboot, don't need an exit)
_execute(dst, "exit")
return True
dire_bootloader_warning = '''
WARNING
Updating the bootloader risks bricking your HSM! If something goes
badly wrong here, or you upload a bad bootloader image, you will not
be able to recover without an ST-LINK programmer.
In most cases a normal "--firmware" upgrade should be all that is
necessary to bring your HSM up to date, there is seldom any real need
to update the bootloader.
Do not proceed with this unless you REALLY know what you are doing.
If you got here by accident, ^C now, without answering the PIN prompt.
'''
def main():
global args
args = parse_args()
if args.bootloader and not args.simon_says_whack_my_bootloader:
sys.exit("You didn't say \"Simon says\"")
if args.bootloader:
print dire_bootloader_warning
if args.explicit_image is None and args.firmware_tarball is None:
sys.exit("No source file specified for upload and firmware tarball not found")
if args.explicit_image:
src = args.explicit_image # file-like object, thanks to argparse
size = os.fstat(src.fileno()).st_size
if size == 0: # Flashing from stdin won't work, sorry
sys.exit("Can't flash from a pipe or zero-length file")
print "Uploading from explicitly-specified file {}".format(args.explicit_image.name)
else:
tar = tarfile.open(fileobj = args.firmware_tarball)
print "Firmware tarball {} content:".format(args.firmware_tarball.name)
tar.list(True)
if args.fpga:
name = "alpha_fmc.bit"
elif args.firmware:
name = "hsm.bin"
elif args.bootloader:
name = "bootloader.bin"
else:
# Somebody updated other part of this script without updating this part :(
sys.exit("Don't know which component to select from firmware tarball, sorry")
try:
size = tar.getmember(name).size
except KeyError:
sys.exit("Expected component {} missing from firmware tarball {}".format(name, args.firmware_tarball.name))
src = tar.extractfile(name)
print "Uploading {} from {}".format(name, args.firmware_tarball.name)
print "Initializing serial port and synchronizing with HSM, this may take a few seconds"
dst = serial.Serial(args.device, 921600, timeout = 2)
send_file(src, size, args, dst)
dst.close()
if __name__ == "__main__":
try:
main()
except KeyboardInterrupt:
pass
