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authorRob Austein <sra@hactrn.net>2020-09-13 23:06:24 +0000
committerRob Austein <sra@hactrn.net>2020-09-13 23:06:24 +0000
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-{{{
-#!htmlcomment
-
-This page is maintained automatically by a script. Don't modify this page by hand,
-your changes will just be overwritten the next time the script runs. Talk to your
-Friendly Neighborhood Repository Maintainer if you need to change something here.
-
-}}}
-
-{{{
-#!html
-<h1>trng</h1>
-
-<p>True Random Number Generator core implemented in Verilog.</p>
-
-<h2>Introduction</h2>
-
-<p>This repo contains the design of a True Random Number Generator (TRNG)
-for the <a href="http://cryptech.is/">Cryptech OpenHSM</a> project.</p>
-
-<h2>Design inspiration, ideas and principles</h2>
-
-<p>The TRNG <strong>MUST</strong> be a really good one. Furthermore it must be trustable
-by its users. That means it should not do wild and crazy stuff. And
-users should be able to verify that the TRNG works as expected.</p>
-
-<ul>
-<li>Follow best practice</li>
-<li>Be conservative - No big untested ideas.</li>
-<li>Support transparency - The parts should be testable.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>Some of our inspiration comes from:
-* The Fortuna RNG by Ferguson and Schneier as described in Cryptography
-Engineering.</p>
-
-<ul>
-<li>/dev/random in OpenBSD</li>
-</ul>
-
-<h2>System description</h2>
-
-<p>The TRNG consists of a chain with three main subsystems</p>
-
-<ul>
-<li>Entropy generation</li>
-<li>Entropy mixing</li>
-<li>Random generation</li>
-</ul>
-
-<h3>Entropy generation</h3>
-
-<p>The entropy generation subsystems consists of at least two separate entropy
-generators. Each generator collects entropy from an independent physical
-process. The entropy sources MUST be of different types. For example
-avalance noise from a reversed bias P/N junction as one source and RSSI
-LSB from a receiver.</p>
-
-<p>The reason for having multiple entropy sources is both to provide
-redundancy as well as making it harder for an attacker to affect the
-entropy collection by forcing the attacker to try and affect different
-physical processes simultaneously.</p>
-
-<p>A given entropy generator is responsible for collecting the entropy
-(possibly including A/D conversion.). The entropy generator MUST
-implement some on-line testing of the physical entropy source based on
-the entropy collected. The tests shall be described in detail here but
-will at least include tests for:</p>
-
-<ul>
-<li>No long run lengths in generated values.</li>
-<li>Variance that exceeds a given threshhold.</li>
-<li>Mean value that don't deviate from expected mean.</li>
-<li>Frequency for all possible values are within expected variance.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>If the tests fails over a period of generated values the entropy source
-MUST raise an error flag. And MAY also block access to the entropy it
-otherwise provides.</p>
-
-<p>There shall also be possible to read out the raw entropy collected from
-a given entropy generator. This MUST ONLY be possible in a specific
-debug mode when no random generation is allowed. Also the entropy
-provided in debug mode MUST NOT be used for later random number
-generation. </p>
-
-<p>The entropy generator SHALL perform whitening on the collected entropy
-before providing it as 32-bit values to the entropy accumulator.</p>
-
-<h3>Entropy mixing</h3>
-
-<p>The entropy mixer subsystems reads 32-bit words from the entropy
-generators to build a block of bits to be mixed.</p>
-
-<p>When 1024 bits of mixed entropy has been collected the entropy is used
-as a message block which is fed into a hash function.</p>
-
-<p>The hash function used is SHA-512 (NIST FIPS 180-4).</p>
-
-<p>The digest is then extracted and provided to the random generation as as
-a seed.</p>
-
-<h3>Random generation</h3>
-
-<p>The random generation consists of a cryptographically secure pseudo random
-number generator (CSPRNG). The CSPRNG used in the trng is the stream
-cipher ChaCha.</p>
-
-<p>ChaCha is seeded with:</p>
-
-<ul>
-<li>512 bits block</li>
-<li>256 bits key</li>
-<li>64 bits IV</li>
-<li>64 bits counter</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>In total the seed used is: 896 bits. This requires getting two seed
-blocks of 512 bits from the mixer.</p>
-
-<p>The number of rounds used in ChaCha is conservatively
-selected. We propose that the number of rounds shall be at least 24
-rounds. Possibly 32 rounds. Given the performance in HW for ChaCha and
-the size of the keystream block, the TRNG should be able to generate
-plentiful of random values even with 32 rounds.</p>
-
-<p>The random generator shall support the ability to test its functionality
-by seeding it with a user supplied value and then generate a number of
-values in a specific debug mode. The normal access to generated random
-values MUST NOT be allowed during the debug mode. The random generator
-MUST also set an error flag during debug mode. Finally, when exiting the
-debug mode, reseeding MUST be done.</p>
-
-<p>Finally the random generator provides random numbers as 32-bit
-values. the 512 bit keystream blocks from ChaCha are divided into 16
-32-bit words and provided in sequence.</p>
-
-<h2>Implementation details</h2>
-
-<p>The core supports multpiple entropy sources as well as a CSPRNG. For
-each entropy source there are some estimators that checks that the
-sources are not broken.</p>
-
-<p>There are also an ability to extract raw entropy as well as inject test
-data into the CSPRNG to verify the functionality.</p>
-
-<p>The core will include one FPGA based entropy source but expects the
-other entropy source(s) to be connected on external ports. It is up to
-the user/system implementer to provide physical entropy souces. We will
-suggest and provide info on how to design at least one such source.</p>
-
-<p>For simulation there are simplistic fake entropy sources that can be
-found in the tb/fake_modules directory. This modules SHOULD NOT be used
-as real sources.</p>
-
-<p>For synthesis there are wrappers for the real entropy source cores to
-adapt their interfaces to what we need in the trng. These wrappers
-should not be included during simulation.</p>
-
-<h2>API</h2>
-
-<p>Normal operation:
-* Extract 32-bit random words.</p>
-
-<p>Config parameters:</p>
-
-<ul>
-<li>Number of blocks in warm-up.</li>
-<li>Number of keystream blocks before reseeding.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>Debug access</p>
-
-<ul>
-<li>Enable/disable entropy generator X</li>
-<li>Check health of entropy generator X</li>
-<li>Read raw entropy from entropy generator X as 32-bit word.</li>
-<li>Write 256 bit seed value as 8 32-bit words</li>
-<li>Read out one or more 512 bit keystream blocks as 32-bit words.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<h2>Status</h2>
-
-<p><strong>* (2014-09-11) *</strong></p>
-
-<p>The first version of the CSPRNG is debugged and completed. This version
-supports automatic reseeding and an output fifo.</p>
-}}}
-
-[[RepositoryIndex(format=table,glob=core/rng/trng)]]
-
-|| Clone `https://git.cryptech.is/core/rng/trng.git` ||