/*
* ecdsa.c
* -------
* Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm for NIST prime curves.
*
* At some point we may want to refactor this code to separate
* functionality that applies to all elliptic curve cryptography into
* a separate module from functions specific to ECDSA over the NIST
* prime curves, but it's simplest to keep this all in one place
* initially.
*
* Much of the code in this module is based, at least loosely, on Tom
* St Denis's libtomcrypt code. Algorithms for point addition and
* point doubling courtesy of the hyperelliptic.org formula database.
*
* Authors: Rob Austein
* Copyright (c) 2015, NORDUnet A/S
* All rights reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
* met:
* - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
* this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
*
* - Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
*
* - Neither the name of the NORDUnet nor the names of its contributors may
* be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
* without specific prior written permission.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS
* IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
* TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A
* PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
* HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
* SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
* TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
* PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
* LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
* NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
* SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
*/
/*
* We use "Tom's Fast Math" library for our bignum implementation.
* This particular implementation has a couple of nice features:
*
* - The code is relatively readable, thus reviewable.
*
* - The bignum representation doesn't use dynamic memory, which
* simplifies things for us.
*
* The price tag for not using dynamic memory is that libtfm has to be
* configured to know about the largest bignum one wants it to be able
* to support at compile time. This should not be a serious problem.
*
* We use a lot of one-element arrays (fp_int[1] instead of plain
* fp_int) to avoid having to prefix every use of an fp_int with "&".
* Perhaps we should encapsulate this idiom in a typedef.
*
* Unfortunately, libtfm is bad about const-ification, but we want to
* hide that from our users, so our public API uses const as
* appropriate and we use inline functions to remove const constraints
* in a relatively type-safe manner before calling libtom.
*/
#include <stdint.h>
#include <assert.h>
#include "hal.h"
#include "hal_internal.h"
#include <tfm.h>
#include "asn1_internal.h"
/*
* Whether we're using static test vectors instead of the random
* number generator. Do NOT enable this in production (doh).
*/
#ifndef HAL_ECDSA_DEBUG_ONLY_STATIC_TEST_VECTOR_RANDOM
#define HAL_ECDSA_DEBUG_ONLY_STATIC_TEST_VECTOR_RANDOM 0
#endif
#if defined(RPC_CLIENT) && RPC_CLIENT != RPC_CLIENT_LOCAL
#define hal_get_random(core, buffer, length) hal_rpc_get_random(buffer, length)
#endif
/*
* Whether to use experimental Verilog ECDSA-P256 point multiplier.
*/
#ifndef HAL_ECDSA_VERILOG_ECDSA256_MULTIPLIER
#define HAL_ECDSA_VERILOG_ECDSA256_MULTIPLIER 1
#endif
#if HAL_ECDSA_VERILOG_ECDSA256_MULTIPLIER
static int verilog_ecdsa256_multiplier = 1;
#endif
/*
* Whether we want debug output.
*/
static int debug = 0;
void hal_ecdsa_set_debug(const int onoff)
{
debug = onoff;
}
/*
* ECDSA curve descriptor. We only deal with named curves; at the
* moment, we only deal with NIST prime curves where the elliptic
* curve's "a" parameter is always -3 and its "h" value (order of
* elliptic curve group divided by order of base point) is always 1.
*
* Since the Montgomery parameters we need for the point arithmetic
* depend only on the underlying field prime, we precompute them when
* we load the curve and store them in the field descriptor, even
* though they aren't really curve parameters per se.
*
* For similar reasons, we also include the ASN.1 OBJECT IDENTIFIERs
* used to name these curves.
*/
typedef struct {
fp_int q[1]; /* Modulus of underlying prime field */
fp_int b[1]; /* Curve's "b" parameter */
fp_int Gx[1]; /* x component of base point G */
fp_int Gy[1]; /* y component of base point G */
fp_int n[1]; /* Order of base point G */
fp_int mu[1]; /* Montgomery normalization factor */
fp_digit rho; /* Montgomery reduction value */
const uint8_t *oid; /* OBJECT IDENTIFIER */
size_t oid_len; /* Length of OBJECT IDENTIFIER */
} ecdsa_curve_t;
/*
* ECDSA key implementation. This structure type is private to this
* module, anything else that needs to touch one of these just gets a
* typed opaque pointer. We do, however, export the size, so that we
* can make memory allocation the caller's problem.
*
* EC points are stored in Jacobian format such that (x, y, z) =>
* (x/z**2, y/z**3, 1) when interpretted as affine coordinates.
*
* There are really three different representations in use here:
*
* 1) Plain affine representation (z == 1);
* 2) Montgomery form affine representation (z == curve->mu); and
* 3) Montgomery form Jacobian representation (whatever).
*
* Only form (1) is ever visible outside this module. We perform
* explicit conversions from form (1) to form (2) and from forms (2,3)
* to form (1). Form (3) only occurs as the result of compuation.
*
* In theory, we could shave some microscopic amount of time off of
* signature verification by supporting an explicit conversion from
* form (3) to form (2), but it's not worth the additional complexity.
*/
typedef struct {
fp_int x[1], y[1], z[1];
} ec_point_t;
struct hal_ecdsa_key {
hal_key_type_t type; /* Public or private */
hal_curve_name_t curve; /* Curve descriptor */
ec_point_t Q[1]; /* Public key */
fp_int d[1]; /* Private key */
};
const size_t hal_ecdsa_key_t_size = sizeof(struct hal_ecdsa_key);
/*
* Initializers. We want to be able to initialize automatic fp_int
* and ec_point_t variables to a sane value (less error prone), but
* picky compilers whine about the number of curly braces required.
* So we define macros which isolate that madness in one place, and
* use those macros everywhere.
*/
#define INIT_FP_INT {{{0}}}
#define INIT_EC_POINT_T {{INIT_FP_INT}}
/*
* Error handling.
*/
#define lose(_code_) do { err = _code_; goto fail; } while (0)
/*
* We can't (usefully) initialize fp_int variables to non-zero values
* at compile time, so instead we load all the curve parameters the
* first time anything asks for any of them.
*/
static const ecdsa_curve_t * const get_curve(const hal_curve_name_t curve)
{
static ecdsa_curve_t curve_p256, curve_p384, curve_p521;
static int initialized = 0;
if (!initialized) {
#include "ecdsa_curves.h"
fp_read_unsigned_bin(curve_p256.q, unconst_uint8_t(p256_q), sizeof(p256_q));
fp_read_unsigned_bin(curve_p256.b, unconst_uint8_t(p256_b), sizeof(p256_b));
fp_read_unsigned_bin(curve_p256.Gx, unconst_uint8_t(p256_Gx), sizeof(p256_Gx));
fp_read_unsigned_bin(curve_p256.Gy, unconst_uint8_t(p256_Gy), sizeof(p256_Gy));
fp_read_unsigned_bin(curve_p256.n, unconst_uint8_t(p256_n), sizeof(p256_n));
if (fp_montgomery_setup(curve_p256.q, &curve_p256.rho) != FP_OKAY)
return NULL;
fp_zero(curve_p256.mu);
fp_montgomery_calc_normalization(curve_p256.mu, curve_p256.q);
curve_p256.oid = p256_oid;
curve_p256.oid_len = sizeof(p256_oid);
fp_read_unsigned_bin(curve_p384.q, unconst_uint8_t(p384_q), sizeof(p384_q));
fp_read_unsigned_bin(curve_p384.b, unconst_uint8_t(p384_b), sizeof(p384_b));
fp_read_unsigned_bin(curve_p384.Gx, unconst_uint8_t(p384_Gx), sizeof(p384_Gx));
fp_read_unsigned_bin(curve_p384.Gy, unconst_uint8_t(p384_Gy), sizeof(p384_Gy));
fp_read_unsigned_bin(curve_p384.n, unconst_uint8_t(p384_n), sizeof(p384_n));
if (fp_montgomery_setup(curve_p384.q, &curve_p384.rho) != FP_OKAY)
return NULL;
fp_zero(curve_p384.mu);
fp_montgomery_calc_normalization(curve_p384.mu, curve_p384.q);
curve_p384.oid = p384_oid;
curve_p384.oid_len = sizeof(p384_oid);
fp_read_unsigned_bin(curve_p521.q, unconst_uint8_t(p521_q), sizeof(p521_q));
fp_read_unsigned_bin(curve_p521.b, unconst_uint8_t(p521_b), sizeof(p521_b));
fp_read_unsigned_bin(curve_p521.Gx, unconst_uint8_t(p521_Gx), sizeof(p521_Gx));
fp_read_unsigned_bin(curve_p521.Gy, unconst_uint8_t(p521_Gy), sizeof(p521_Gy));
fp_read_unsigned_bin(curve_p521.n, unconst_uint8_t(p521_n), sizeof(p521_n));
if (fp_montgomery_setup(curve_p521.q, &curve_p521.rho) != FP_OKAY)
return NULL;
fp_zero(curve_p521.mu);
fp_montgomery_calc_normalization(curve_p521.mu, curve_p521.q);
curve_p521.oid = p521_oid;
curve_p521.oid_len = sizeof(p521_oid);
initialized = 1;
}
switch (curve) {
case HAL_CURVE_P256: return &curve_p256;
case HAL_CURVE_P384: return &curve_p384;
case HAL_CURVE_P521: return &curve_p521;
default: return NULL;
}
}
static inline const ecdsa_curve_t * oid_to_curve(hal_curve_name_t *curve_name,
const uint8_t * const oid,
const size_t oid_len)
{
assert(curve_name != NULL && oid != NULL);
const ecdsa_curve_t *curve = NULL;
*curve_name = HAL_CURVE_NONE;
while ((curve = get_curve(++*curve_name)) != NULL)
if (oid_len == curve->oid_len && memcmp(oid, curve->oid, oid_len) == 0)
return curve;
return NULL;
}
/*
* Finite field operations (hence "ff_"). These are basically just
* the usual bignum operations, constrained by the field modulus.
*
* All of these are operations in the field underlying the specified
* curve, and assume that operands are already in Montgomery form.
*
* The ff_add() and ff_sub() are written a bit oddly, in an attempt to
* make them run in constant time. An optimizing compiler may be
* clever enough to defeat this. In the long run, we probably want to
* perform these field operations in Verilog anyway.
*
* We might be able to squeeze a bit more speed out of the point
* arithmetic by making using fp_mul_2d() when multiplying by a power
* of two. Skipping for now as a premature optimization, but if we do
* need this, it'd probably be simplest to add a ff_dbl() function
* which handles overflow in the same way that ff_add() does.
*/
static inline void ff_add(const ecdsa_curve_t * const curve,
const fp_int * const a,
const fp_int * const b,
fp_int *c)
{
fp_int t[2][1] = {INIT_FP_INT};
fp_add(unconst_fp_int(a), unconst_fp_int(b), t[0]);
fp_sub(t[0], unconst_fp_int(curve->q), t[1]);
fp_copy(t[fp_cmp_d(t[1], 0) != FP_LT], c);
memset(t, 0, sizeof(t));
}
static inline void ff_sub(const ecdsa_curve_t * const curve,
const fp_int * const a,
const fp_int * const b,
fp_int *c)
{
fp_int t[2][1] = {INIT_FP_INT};
fp_sub(unconst_fp_int(a), unconst_fp_int(b), t[0]);
fp_add(t[0], unconst_fp_int(curve->q), t[1]);
fp_copy(t[fp_cmp_d(t[0], 0) == FP_LT], c);
memset(t, 0, sizeof(t));
}
static inline void ff_mul(const ecdsa_curve_t * const curve,
const fp_int * const a,
const fp_int * const b,
fp_int *c)
{
fp_mul(unconst_fp_int(a), unconst_fp_int(b), c);
fp_montgomery_reduce(c, unconst_fp_int(curve->q), curve->rho);
}
static inline void ff_sqr(const ecdsa_curve_t * const curve,
const fp_int * const a,
fp_int *b)
{
fp_sqr(unconst_fp_int(a), b);
fp_montgomery_reduce(b, unconst_fp_int(curve->q), curve->rho);
}
/*
* Test whether a point is the point at infinity.
*
* In Jacobian projective coordinate, any point of the form
*
* (j ** 2, j **3, 0) for j in [1..q-1]
*
* is on the line at infinity, but for practical purposes simply
* checking the z coordinate is probably sufficient.
*/
static inline int point_is_infinite(const ec_point_t * const P)
{
assert(P != NULL);
return fp_iszero(P->z);
}
/*
* Set a point to be the point at infinity. For Jacobian projective
* coordinates, it's customary to use (1 : 1 : 0) as the
* representitive value.
*
* If a curve is supplied, we want the Montgomery form of the point at
* infinity for that curve.
*/
static inline void point_set_infinite(ec_point_t *P, const ecdsa_curve_t * const curve)
{
assert(P != NULL);
if (curve != NULL) {
fp_copy(unconst_fp_int(curve->mu), P->x);
fp_copy(unconst_fp_int(curve->mu), P->y);
fp_zero(P->z);
}
else {
fp_set(P->x, 1);
fp_set(P->y, 1);
fp_zero(P->z);
}
}
/*
* Copy a point.
*/
static inline void point_copy(const ec_point_t * const P, ec_point_t *R)
{
if (P != NULL && R != NULL && P != R)
*R = *P;
}
/**
* Convert a point into Montgomery form.
* @param P [in/out] The point to map
* @param curve The curve parameters structure
*/
static inline hal_error_t point_to_montgomery(ec_point_t *P,
const ecdsa_curve_t * const curve)
{
assert(P != NULL && curve != NULL);
if (fp_cmp_d(unconst_fp_int(P->z), 1) != FP_EQ)
return HAL_ERROR_BAD_ARGUMENTS;
if (fp_mulmod(P->x, unconst_fp_int(curve->mu), unconst_fp_int(curve->q), P->x) != FP_OKAY ||
fp_mulmod(P->y, unconst_fp_int(curve->mu), unconst_fp_int(curve->q), P->y) != FP_OKAY)
return HAL_ERROR_IMPOSSIBLE;
fp_copy(unconst_fp_int(curve->mu), P->z);
return HAL_OK;
}
/**
* Map a point in projective Jacbobian coordinates back to affine
* space. This also converts back from Montgomery to plain form.
* @param P [in/out] The point to map
* @param curve The curve parameters structure
*
* It's not possible to represent the point at infinity in plain
* affine coordinates, and the calling function will have to handle
* the point at infinity specially in any case, so we declare this to
* be the calling function's problem.
*/
static inline hal_error_t point_to_affine(ec_point_t *P,
const ecdsa_curve_t * const curve)
{
assert(P != NULL && curve != NULL);
if (point_is_infinite(P))
return HAL_ERROR_IMPOSSIBLE;
hal_error_t err = HAL_ERROR_IMPOSSIBLE;
fp_int t1[1] = INIT_FP_INT;
fp_int t2[1] = INIT_FP_INT;
fp_int * const q = unconst_fp_int(curve->q);
fp_montgomery_reduce(P->z, q, curve->rho);
if (fp_invmod (P->z, q, t1) != FP_OKAY || /* t1 = 1 / z */
fp_sqrmod (t1, q, t2) != FP_OKAY || /* t2 = 1 / z**2 */
fp_mulmod (t1, t2, q, t1) != FP_OKAY) /* t1 = 1 / z**3 */
goto fail;
fp_mul (P->x, t2, P->x); /* x = x / z**2 */
fp_mul (P->y, t1, P->y); /* y = y / z**3 */
fp_set (P->z, 1); /* z = 1 */
fp_montgomery_reduce(P->x, q, curve->rho);
fp_montgomery_reduce(P->y, q, curve->rho);
err = HAL_OK;
fail:
fp_zero(t1);
fp_zero(t2);
return err;
}
/**
* Double an EC point.
* @param P The point to double
* @param R [out] The destination of the double
* @param curve The curve parameters structure
*
* Algorithm is dbl-2001-b from
* http://www.hyperelliptic.org/EFD/g1p/auto-shortw-jacobian-3.html
*/
static inline void point_double(const ec_point_t * const P,
ec_point_t *R,
const ecdsa_curve_t * const curve)
{
assert(P != NULL && R != NULL && curve != NULL);
const int was_infinite = point_is_infinite(P);
fp_int alpha[1] = INIT_FP_INT;
fp_int beta[1] = INIT_FP_INT;
fp_int gamma[1] = INIT_FP_INT;
fp_int delta[1] = INIT_FP_INT;
fp_int t1[1] = INIT_FP_INT;
fp_int t2[1] = INIT_FP_INT;
ff_sqr (curve, P->z, delta); /* delta = Pz ** 2 */
ff_sqr (curve, P->y, gamma); /* gamma = Py ** 2 */
ff_mul (curve, P->x, gamma, beta); /* beta = Px * gamma */
ff_sub (curve, P->x, delta, t1); /* alpha = 3 * (Px - delta) * (Px + delta) */
ff_add (curve, P->x, delta, t2);
ff_mul (curve, t1, t2, t1);
ff_add (curve, t1, t1, t2);
ff_add (curve, t1, t2, alpha);
ff_sqr (curve, alpha, t1); /* Rx = (alpha ** 2) - (8 * beta) */
ff_add (curve, beta, beta, t2);
ff_add (curve, t2, t2, t2);
ff_add (curve, t2, t2, t2);
ff_sub (curve, t1, t2, R->x);
ff_add (curve, P->y, P->z, t1); /* Rz = ((Py + Pz) ** 2) - gamma - delta */
ff_sqr (curve, t1, t1);
ff_sub (curve, t1, gamma, t1);
ff_sub (curve, t1, delta, R->z);
ff_add (curve, beta, beta, t1); /* Ry = (((4 * beta) - Rx) * alpha) - (8 * (gamma ** 2)) */
ff_add (curve, t1, t1, t1);
ff_sub (curve, t1, R->x, t1);
ff_mul (curve, t1, alpha, t1);
ff_sqr (curve, gamma, t2);
ff_add (curve, t2, t2, t2);
ff_add (curve, t2, t2, t2);
ff_add (curve, t2, t2, t2);
ff_sub (curve, t1, t2, R->y);
assert(was_infinite == point_is_infinite(P));
fp_zero(alpha); fp_zero(beta); fp_zero(gamma); fp_zero(delta); fp_zero(t1); fp_zero(t2);
}
/**
* Add two EC points
* @param P The point to add
* @param Q The point to add
* @param R [out] The destination of the double
* @param curve The curve parameters structure
*
* Algorithm is madd-2007-bl from
* http://www.hyperelliptic.org/EFD/g1p/auto-shortw-jacobian-3.html
*
* The special cases are unfortunate, but are probably unavoidable for
* this type of curve. We do what we can to make this constant-time
* in spite of the special cases. The one we really can't do much
* about is P == Q, because in that case we have to switch to the
* point doubling algorithm.
*/
static inline void point_add(const ec_point_t * const P,
const ec_point_t * const Q,
ec_point_t *R,
const ecdsa_curve_t * const curve)
{
assert(P != NULL && Q != NULL && R != NULL && curve != NULL);
/*
* Q must be affine in Montgomery form.
*/
assert(fp_cmp(unconst_fp_int(Q->z), unconst_fp_int(curve->mu)) == FP_EQ);
#warning What happens here if P and Q are not equal but map to the same point in affine space?
const int same_xz = (fp_cmp(unconst_fp_int(P->z), unconst_fp_int(Q->z)) == FP_EQ &&
fp_cmp(unconst_fp_int(P->x), unconst_fp_int(Q->x)) == FP_EQ);
/*
* If P == Q, we must use point doubling instead of point addition,
* and there's nothing we can do to mask the timing differences.
* So just do it, right away.
*/
if (same_xz && fp_cmp(unconst_fp_int(P->y), unconst_fp_int(Q->y)) == FP_EQ)
return point_double(P, R, curve);
/*
* Check now for the other special cases, but defer handling them
* until the end, to mask timing differences.
*/
const int P_was_infinite = point_is_infinite(P);
fp_int Qy_neg[1] = INIT_FP_INT;
fp_sub(unconst_fp_int(curve->q), unconst_fp_int(Q->y), Qy_neg);
const int result_is_infinite = fp_cmp(unconst_fp_int(P->y), Qy_neg) == FP_EQ && same_xz;
fp_zero(Qy_neg);
/*
* Main point addition algorithm.
*/
fp_int Z1Z1[1] = INIT_FP_INT;
fp_int H[1] = INIT_FP_INT;
fp_int HH[1] = INIT_FP_INT;
fp_int I[1] = INIT_FP_INT;
fp_int J[1] = INIT_FP_INT;
fp_int r[1] = INIT_FP_INT;
fp_int V[1] = INIT_FP_INT;
fp_int t[1] = INIT_FP_INT;
ff_sqr (curve, P->z, Z1Z1); /* Z1Z1 = Pz ** 2 */
ff_mul (curve, Q->x, Z1Z1, H); /* H = (Qx * Z1Z1) - Px */
ff_sub (curve, H, P->x, H);
ff_sqr (curve, H, HH); /* HH = H ** 2 */
ff_add (curve, HH, HH, I); /* I = 4 * HH */
ff_add (curve, I, I, I);
ff_mul (curve, H, I, J); /* J = H * I */
ff_mul (curve, P->z, Z1Z1, r); /* r = 2 * ((Qy * Pz * Z1Z1) - Py) */
ff_mul (curve, Q->y, r, r);
ff_sub (curve, r, P->y, r);
ff_add (curve, r, r, r);
ff_mul (curve, P->x, I, V); /* V = Px * I */
ff_sqr (curve, r, R->x); /* Rx = (r ** 2) - J - (2 * V) */
ff_sub (curve, R->x, J, R->x);
ff_sub (curve, R->x, V, R->x);
ff_sub (curve, R->x, V, R->x);
ff_mul (curve, P->y, J, t); /* Ry = (r * (V - Rx)) - (2 * Py * J) */
ff_sub (curve, V, R->x, R->y);
ff_mul (curve, r, R->y, R->y);
ff_sub (curve, R->y, t, R->y);
ff_sub (curve, R->y, t, R->y);
ff_add (curve, P->z, H, R->z); /* Rz = ((Pz + H) ** 2) - Z1Z1 - HH */
ff_sqr (curve, R->z, R->z);
ff_sub (curve, R->z, Z1Z1, R->z);
ff_sub (curve, R->z, HH, R->z);
fp_zero(Z1Z1), fp_zero(H), fp_zero(HH), fp_zero(I), fp_zero(J), fp_zero(r), fp_zero(V), fp_zero(t);
/*
* Handle deferred special cases, then we're done.
*/
if (P_was_infinite)
point_copy(Q, R);
else if (result_is_infinite)
point_set_infinite(R, curve);
}
/**
* Perform a point multiplication.
* @param k The scalar to multiply by
* @param P The base point
* @param R [out] Destination for kP
* @param curve Curve parameters
* @return HAL_OK on success
*
* P must be in affine form.
*/
static hal_error_t point_scalar_multiply(const fp_int * const k,
const ec_point_t * const P_,
ec_point_t *R,
const ecdsa_curve_t * const curve)
{
assert(k != NULL && P_ != NULL && R != NULL && curve != NULL);
if (fp_iszero(k) || fp_cmp_d(unconst_fp_int(P_->z), 1) != FP_EQ)
return HAL_ERROR_BAD_ARGUMENTS;
hal_error_t err;
/*
* Convert P to Montgomery form.
*/
ec_point_t P[1];
point_copy(P_, P);
if ((err = point_to_montgomery(P, curve)) != HAL_OK) {
memset(P, 0, sizeof(P));
return err;
}
/*
* Initialize table.
* M[0] is a dummy for constant timing.
* M[1] is where we accumulate the result.
*/
ec_point_t M[2][1] = {INIT_EC_POINT_T};
point_set_infinite(M[0], curve);
point_set_infinite(M[1], curve);
/*
* Walk down bits of the scalar, performing dummy operations to mask
* timing.
*
* Note that, in order for the timing protection to work, the
* number of iterations in the loop has to depend on the order of
* the base point rather than on the scalar.
*/
for (int bit_index = fp_count_bits(unconst_fp_int(curve->n)) - 1; bit_index >= 0; bit_index--) {
const int digit_index = bit_index / DIGIT_BIT;
const fp_digit digit = digit_index < k->used ? k->dp[digit_index] : 0;
const fp_digit mask = ((fp_digit) 1) << (bit_index % DIGIT_BIT);
const int bit = (digit & mask) != 0;
point_double (M[1], M[1], curve);
point_add (M[bit], P, M[bit], curve);
}
/*
* Copy result, map back to affine, then done.
*/
point_copy(M[1], R);
err = point_to_affine(R, curve);
memset(P, 0, sizeof(P));
memset(M, 0, sizeof(M));
return err;
}
/*
* Testing only: ECDSA key generation and signature both have a
* critical dependency on random numbers, but we can't use the random
* number generator when testing against static test vectors. So add a
* wrapper around the random number generator calls, with a hook to
* let us override the generator for test purposes. Do NOT use this
* in production, kids.
*/
#if HAL_ECDSA_DEBUG_ONLY_STATIC_TEST_VECTOR_RANDOM
#warning hal_ecdsa random number generator overridden for test purposes
#warning DO NOT USE THIS IN PRODUCTION
typedef hal_error_t (*rng_override_test_function_t)(void *, const size_t);
static rng_override_test_function_t rng_test_override_function = 0;
rng_override_test_function_t hal_ecdsa_set_rng_override_test_function(rng_override_test_function_t new_func)
{
rng_override_test_function_t old_func = rng_test_override_function;
rng_test_override_function = new_func;
return old_func;
}
static inline hal_error_t get_random(void *buffer, const size_t length)
{
if (rng_test_override_function)
return rng_test_override_function(buffer, length);
else
return hal_get_random(NULL, buffer, length);
}
#else /* HAL_ECDSA_DEBUG_ONLY_STATIC_TEST_VECTOR_RANDOM */
static inline hal_error_t get_random(void *buffer, const size_t length)
{
return hal_get_random(NULL, buffer, length);
}
#endif /* HAL_ECDSA_DEBUG_ONLY_STATIC_TEST_VECTOR_RANDOM */
/*
* Use experimental Verilog base point multiplier core to calculate
* public key given a private key. point_pick_random() has already
* selected a suitable private key for us, we just need to calculate
* the corresponding public key.
*/
#if HAL_ECDSA_VERILOG_ECDSA256_MULTIPLIER
static hal_error_t verilog_point_pick_random(fp_int *k, ec_point_t *P)
{
assert(k != NULL && P != NULL);
const size_t len = fp_unsigned_bin_size(k);
uint8_t b[ECDSA256_OPERAND_BITS / 8];
const uint8_t zero[4] = {0, 0, 0, 0};
hal_core_t *core = NULL;
hal_error_t err;
if (len > sizeof(b))
return HAL_ERROR_RESULT_TOO_LONG;
if ((err = hal_core_alloc(ECDSA256_NAME, &core)) != HAL_OK)
goto fail;
#define check(_x_) do { if ((err = (_x_)) != HAL_OK) goto fail; } while (0)
memset(b, 0, sizeof(b));
fp_to_unsigned_bin(k, b + sizeof(b) - len);
for (int i = 0; i < sizeof(b); i += 4)
check(hal_io_write(core, ECDSA256_ADDR_K + i/4, &b[sizeof(b) - 4 - i], 4));
check(hal_io_write(core, ADDR_CTRL, zero, sizeof(zero)));
check(hal_io_next(core));
check(hal_io_wait_ready(core));
for (int i = 0; i < sizeof(b); i += 4)
check(hal_io_read(core, ECDSA256_ADDR_X + i/4, &b[sizeof(b) - 4 - i], 4));
fp_read_unsigned_bin(P->x, b, sizeof(b));
for (int i = 0; i < sizeof(b); i += 4)
check(hal_io_read(core, ECDSA256_ADDR_Y + i/4, &b[sizeof(b) - 4 - i], 4));
fp_read_unsigned_bin(P->y, b, sizeof(b));
fp_set(P->z, 1);
#undef check
err = HAL_OK;
fail:
hal_core_free(core);
memset(b, 0, sizeof(b));
return err;
}
#endif
/*
* Pick a random point on the curve, return random scalar and
* resulting point.
*/
static hal_error_t point_pick_random(const ecdsa_curve_t * const curve,
fp_int *k,
ec_point_t *P)
{
hal_error_t err;
assert(curve != NULL && k != NULL && P != NULL);
/*
* Pick a random scalar corresponding to a point on the curve. Per
* the NSA (gulp) Suite B guidelines, we ask the CSPRNG for 64 more
* bits than we need, which should be enough to mask any bias
* induced by the modular reduction.
*
* We're picking a point out of the subgroup generated by the base
* point on the elliptic curve, so the modulus for this calculation
* is the order of the base point.
*
* Zero is an excluded value, but the chance of a non-broken CSPRNG
* returning zero is so low that it would almost certainly indicate
* an undiagnosed bug in the CSPRNG.
*/
uint8_t k_buf[fp_unsigned_bin_size(unconst_fp_int(curve->n)) + 8];
do {
if ((err = get_random(k_buf, sizeof(k_buf))) != HAL_OK)
return err;
fp_read_unsigned_bin(k, k_buf, sizeof(k_buf));
if (fp_iszero(k) || fp_mod(k, unconst_fp_int(curve->n), k) != FP_OKAY)
return HAL_ERROR_IMPOSSIBLE;
} while (fp_iszero(k));
memset(k_buf, 0, sizeof(k_buf));
#if HAL_ECDSA_VERILOG_ECDSA256_MULTIPLIER
if (verilog_ecdsa256_multiplier && curve == get_curve(HAL_CURVE_P256) &&
(err = verilog_point_pick_random(k, P)) != HAL_ERROR_CORE_NOT_FOUND)
return err;
#endif
/*
* Calculate P = kG and return.
*/
fp_copy(curve->Gx, P->x);
fp_copy(curve->Gy, P->y);
fp_set(P->z, 1);
return point_scalar_multiply(k, P, P, curve);
}
/*
* Test whether a point really is on a particular curve. This is
* called "validation" when applied to a public key, and is required
* before verifying a signature.
*/
static int point_is_on_curve(const ec_point_t * const P,
const ecdsa_curve_t * const curve)
{
assert(P != NULL && curve != NULL);
fp_int t1[1] = INIT_FP_INT;
fp_int t2[1] = INIT_FP_INT;
/*
* Compute y**2 - x**3 + 3*x.
*/
fp_sqr(unconst_fp_int(P->y), t1); /* t1 = y**2 */
fp_sqr(unconst_fp_int(P->x), t2); /* t2 = x**2 */
if (fp_mod(t2, unconst_fp_int(curve->q), t2) != FP_OKAY)
return 0;
fp_mul(unconst_fp_int(P->x), t2, t2); /* t2 = x**3 */
fp_sub(t1, t2, t1); /* t1 = y**2 - x**3 */
fp_add(t1, unconst_fp_int(P->x), t1); /* t1 = y**2 - x**3 + 1*x */
fp_add(t1, unconst_fp_int(P->x), t1); /* t1 = y**2 - x**3 + 2*x */
fp_add(t1, unconst_fp_int(P->x), t1); /* t1 = y**2 - x**3 + 3*x */
/*
* Normalize and test whether computed value matches b.
*/
if (fp_mod(t1, unconst_fp_int(curve->q), t1) != FP_OKAY)
return 0;
while (fp_cmp_d(t1, 0) == FP_LT)
fp_add(t1, unconst_fp_int(curve->q), t1);
while (fp_cmp(t1, unconst_fp_int(curve->q)) != FP_LT)
fp_sub(t1, unconst_fp_int(curve->q), t1);
return fp_cmp(t1, unconst_fp_int(curve->b)) == FP_EQ;
}
/*
* Generate a new ECDSA key.
*/
hal_error_t hal_ecdsa_key_gen(const hal_core_t *core,
hal_ecdsa_key_t **key_,
void *keybuf, const size_t keybuf_len,
const hal_curve_name_t curve_)
{
const ecdsa_curve_t * const curve = get_curve(curve_);
hal_ecdsa_key_t *key = keybuf;
hal_error_t err;
if (key_ == NULL || key == NULL || keybuf_len < sizeof(*key) || curve == NULL)
return HAL_ERROR_BAD_ARGUMENTS;
memset(keybuf, 0, keybuf_len);
key->type = HAL_KEY_TYPE_EC_PRIVATE;
key->curve = curve_;
if ((err = point_pick_random(curve, key->d, key->Q)) != HAL_OK)
return err;
assert(point_is_on_curve(key->Q, curve));
*key_ = key;
return HAL_OK;
}
/*
* Extract key type (public or private).
*/
hal_error_t hal_ecdsa_key_get_type(const hal_ecdsa_key_t * const key,
hal_key_type_t *key_type)
{
if (key == NULL || key_type == NULL)
return HAL_ERROR_BAD_ARGUMENTS;
*key_type = key->type;
return HAL_OK;
}
/*
* Extract name of curve underlying a key.
*/
hal_error_t hal_ecdsa_key_get_curve(const hal_ecdsa_key_t * const key,
hal_curve_name_t *curve)
{
if (key == NULL || curve == NULL)
return HAL_ERROR_BAD_ARGUMENTS;
*curve = key->curve;
return HAL_OK;
}
/*
* Extract public key components.
*/
hal_error_t hal_ecdsa_key_get_public(const hal_ecdsa_key_t * const key,
uint8_t *x, size_t *x_len, const size_t x_max,
uint8_t *y, size_t *y_len, const size_t y_max)
{
if (key == NULL || (x_len == NULL && x != NULL) || (y_len == NULL && y != NULL))
return HAL_ERROR_BAD_ARGUMENTS;
if (x_len != NULL)
*x_len = fp_unsigned_bin_size(unconst_fp_int(key->Q->x));
if (y_len != NULL)
*y_len = fp_unsigned_bin_size(unconst_fp_int(key->Q->y));
if ((x != NULL && *x_len > x_max) ||
(y != NULL && *y_len > y_max))
return HAL_ERROR_RESULT_TOO_LONG;
if (x != NULL)
fp_to_unsigned_bin(unconst_fp_int(key->Q->x), x);
if (y != NULL)
fp_to_unsigned_bin(unconst_fp_int(key->Q->y), y);
return HAL_OK;
}
/*
* Clear a key.
*/
void hal_ecdsa_key_clear(hal_ecdsa_key_t *key)
{
if (key != NULL)
memset(key, 0, sizeof(*key));
}
/*
* Load a public key from components, and validate that the public key
* really is on the named curve.
*/
hal_error_t hal_ecdsa_key_load_public(hal_ecdsa_key_t **key_,
void *keybuf, const size_t keybuf_len,
const hal_curve_name_t curve_,
const uint8_t * const x, const size_t x_len,
const uint8_t * const y, const size_t y_len)
{
const ecdsa_curve_t * const curve = get_curve(curve_);
hal_ecdsa_key_t *key = keybuf;
if (key_ == NULL || key == NULL || keybuf_len < sizeof(*key) || curve == NULL || x == NULL || y == NULL)
return HAL_ERROR_BAD_ARGUMENTS;
memset(keybuf, 0, keybuf_len);
key->type = HAL_KEY_TYPE_EC_PUBLIC;
key->curve = curve_;
fp_read_unsigned_bin(key->Q->x, unconst_uint8_t(x), x_len);
fp_read_unsigned_bin(key->Q->y, unconst_uint8_t(y), y_len);
fp_set(key->Q->z, 1);
if (!point_is_on_curve(key->Q, curve))
return HAL_ERROR_KEY_NOT_ON_CURVE;
*key_ = key;
return HAL_OK;
}
/*
* Load a private key from components; does all the same things as
* hal_ecdsa_key_load_public(), then loads the private key itself and
* adjusts the key type.
*
* For extra paranoia, we could check Q == dG.
*/
hal_error_t hal_ecdsa_key_load_private(hal_ecdsa_key_t **key_,
void *keybuf, const size_t keybuf_len,
const hal_curve_name_t curve_,
const uint8_t * const x, const size_t x_len,
const uint8_t * const y, const size_t y_len,
const uint8_t * const d, const size_t d_len)
{
hal_ecdsa_key_t *key = keybuf;
hal_error_t err;
if (d == NULL)
return HAL_ERROR_BAD_ARGUMENTS;
if ((err = hal_ecdsa_key_load_public(key_, keybuf, keybuf_len, curve_, x, x_len, y, y_len)) != HAL_OK)
return err;
key->type = HAL_KEY_TYPE_EC_PRIVATE;
fp_read_unsigned_bin(key->d, unconst_uint8_t(d), d_len);
return HAL_OK;
}
/*
* Write public key in X9.62 ECPoint format (ASN.1 OCTET STRING, first octet is compression flag).
*/
hal_error_t hal_ecdsa_key_to_ecpoint(const hal_ecdsa_key_t * const key,
uint8_t *der, size_t *der_len, const size_t der_max)
{
if (key == NULL)
return HAL_ERROR_BAD_ARGUMENTS;
const ecdsa_curve_t * const curve = get_curve(key->curve);
if (curve == NULL)
return HAL_ERROR_IMPOSSIBLE;
const size_t q_len = fp_unsigned_bin_size(unconst_fp_int(curve->q));
const size_t Qx_len = fp_unsigned_bin_size(unconst_fp_int(key->Q->x));
const size_t Qy_len = fp_unsigned_bin_size(unconst_fp_int(key->Q->y));
assert(q_len >= Qx_len && q_len >= Qy_len);
const size_t vlen = q_len * 2 + 1;
size_t hlen;
hal_error_t err = hal_asn1_encode_header(ASN1_OCTET_STRING, vlen, der, &hlen, der_max);
if (der_len != NULL)
*der_len = hlen + vlen;
if (der == NULL || err != HAL_OK)
return err;
assert(hlen + vlen <= der_max);
uint8_t *d = der + hlen;
memset(d, 0, vlen);
*d++ = 0x04; /* uncompressed */
fp_to_unsigned_bin(unconst_fp_int(key->Q->x), d + q_len - Qx_len);
d += q_len;
fp_to_unsigned_bin(unconst_fp_int(key->Q->y), d + q_len - Qy_len);
d += q_len;
assert(d <= der + der_max);
return HAL_OK;
}
/*
* Convenience wrapper to return how many bytes a key would take if
* encoded as an ECPoint.
*/
size_t hal_ecdsa_key_to_ecpoint_len(const hal_ecdsa_key_t * const key)
{
size_t len;
return hal_ecdsa_key_to_ecpoint(key, NULL, &len, 0) == HAL_OK ? len : 0;
}
/*
* Read public key in X9.62 ECPoint format (ASN.1 OCTET STRING, first octet is compression flag).
* ECPoint format doesn't include a curve identifier, so caller has to supply one.
*/
hal_error_t hal_ecdsa_key_from_ecpoint(hal_ecdsa_key_t **key_,
void *keybuf, const size_t keybuf_len,
const uint8_t * const der, const size_t der_len,
const hal_curve_name_t curve)
{
hal_ecdsa_key_t *key = keybuf;
if (key_ == NULL || key == NULL || keybuf_len < sizeof(*key) || get_curve(curve) == NULL)
return HAL_ERROR_BAD_ARGUMENTS;
memset(keybuf, 0, keybuf_len);
key->type = HAL_KEY_TYPE_EC_PUBLIC;
key->curve = curve;
size_t hlen, vlen;
hal_error_t err;
if ((err = hal_asn1_decode_header(ASN1_OCTET_STRING, der, der_len, &hlen, &vlen)) != HAL_OK)
return err;
const uint8_t * const der_end = der + hlen + vlen;
const uint8_t *d = der + hlen;
if (vlen < 3 || (vlen & 1) == 0 || *d++ != 0x04)
lose(HAL_ERROR_ASN1_PARSE_FAILED);
vlen /= 2;
fp_read_unsigned_bin(key->Q->x, unconst_uint8_t(d), vlen);
d += vlen;
fp_read_unsigned_bin(key->Q->y, unconst_uint8_t(d), vlen);
d += vlen;
fp_set(key->Q->z, 1);
if (d != der_end)
lose(HAL_ERROR_ASN1_PARSE_FAILED);
*key_ = key;
return HAL_OK;
fail:
memset(keybuf, 0, keybuf_len);
return err;
}
/*
* Write private key in RFC 5915 ASN.1 DER format.
*
* This is hand-coded, and is approaching the limit where one should
* probably be using an ASN.1 compiler like asn1c instead.
*/
hal_error_t hal_ecdsa_private_key_to_der(const hal_ecdsa_key_t * const key,
uint8_t *der, size_t *der_len, const size_t der_max)
{
if (key == NULL || key->type != HAL_KEY_TYPE_EC_PRIVATE)
return HAL_ERROR_BAD_ARGUMENTS;
const ecdsa_curve_t * const curve = get_curve(key->curve);
if (curve == NULL)
return HAL_ERROR_IMPOSSIBLE;
const size_t q_len = fp_unsigned_bin_size(unconst_fp_int(curve->q));
const size_t d_len = fp_unsigned_bin_size(unconst_fp_int(key->d));
const size_t Qx_len = fp_unsigned_bin_size(unconst_fp_int(key->Q->x));
const size_t Qy_len = fp_unsigned_bin_size(unconst_fp_int(key->Q->y));
assert(q_len >= d_len && q_len >= Qx_len && q_len >= Qy_len);
fp_int version[1] = INIT_FP_INT;
fp_set(version, 1);
hal_error_t err;
size_t version_len, hlen, hlen_oct, hlen_oid, hlen_exp0, hlen_bit, hlen_exp1;
if ((err = hal_asn1_encode_integer(version, NULL, &version_len, 0)) != HAL_OK ||
(err = hal_asn1_encode_header(ASN1_OCTET_STRING, q_len, NULL, &hlen_oct, 0)) != HAL_OK ||
(err = hal_asn1_encode_header(ASN1_OBJECT_IDENTIFIER, curve->oid_len, NULL, &hlen_oid, 0)) != HAL_OK ||
(err = hal_asn1_encode_header(ASN1_EXPLICIT_0, hlen_oid + curve->oid_len, NULL, &hlen_exp0, 0)) != HAL_OK ||
(err = hal_asn1_encode_header(ASN1_BIT_STRING, (q_len + 1) * 2, NULL, &hlen_bit, 0)) != HAL_OK ||
(err = hal_asn1_encode_header(ASN1_EXPLICIT_1, hlen_bit + (q_len + 1) * 2, NULL, &hlen_exp1, 0)) != HAL_OK)
return err;
const size_t vlen = (version_len +
hlen_oct + q_len +
hlen_oid + hlen_exp0 + curve->oid_len +
hlen_bit + hlen_exp1 + (q_len + 1) * 2);
err = hal_asn1_encode_header(ASN1_SEQUENCE, vlen, der, &hlen, der_max);
if (der_len != NULL)
*der_len = hlen + vlen;
if (der == NULL || err != HAL_OK)
return err;
uint8_t *d = der + hlen;
memset(d, 0, vlen);
if ((err = hal_asn1_encode_integer(version, d, NULL, der + der_max - d)) != HAL_OK)
return err;
d += version_len;
if ((err = hal_asn1_encode_header(ASN1_OCTET_STRING, q_len, d, &hlen, der + der_max - d)) != HAL_OK)
return err;
d += hlen;
fp_to_unsigned_bin(unconst_fp_int(key->d), d + q_len - d_len);
d += q_len;
if ((err = hal_asn1_encode_header(ASN1_EXPLICIT_0, hlen_oid + curve->oid_len, d, &hlen, der + der_max - d)) != HAL_OK)
return err;
d += hlen;
if ((err = hal_asn1_encode_header(ASN1_OBJECT_IDENTIFIER, curve->oid_len, d, &hlen, der + der_max - d)) != HAL_OK)
return err;
d += hlen;
memcpy(d, curve->oid, curve->oid_len);
d += curve->oid_len;
if ((err = hal_asn1_encode_header(ASN1_EXPLICIT_1, hlen_bit + (q_len + 1) * 2, d, &hlen, der + der_max - d)) != HAL_OK)
return err;
d += hlen;
if ((err = hal_asn1_encode_header(ASN1_BIT_STRING, (q_len + 1) * 2, d, &hlen, der + der_max - d)) != HAL_OK)
return err;
d += hlen;
*d++ = 0x00;
*d++ = 0x04;
fp_to_unsigned_bin(unconst_fp_int(key->Q->x), d + q_len - Qx_len);
d += q_len;
fp_to_unsigned_bin(unconst_fp_int(key->Q->y), d + q_len - Qy_len);
d += q_len;
assert(d <= der + der_max);
return HAL_OK;
}
/*
* Convenience wrapper to return how many bytes a private key would
* take if encoded as DER.
*/
size_t hal_ecdsa_private_key_to_der_len(const hal_ecdsa_key_t * const key)
{
size_t len;
return hal_ecdsa_private_key_to_der(key, NULL, &len, 0) == HAL_OK ? len : 0;
}
/*
* Read private key in RFC 5915 ASN.1 DER format.
*
* This is hand-coded, and is approaching the limit where one should
* probably be using an ASN.1 compiler like asn1c instead.
*/
hal_error_t hal_ecdsa_private_key_from_der(hal_ecdsa_key_t **key_,
void *keybuf, const size_t keybuf_len,
const uint8_t * const der, const size_t der_len)
{
hal_ecdsa_key_t *key = keybuf;
if (key_ == NULL || key == NULL || keybuf_len < sizeof(*key))
return HAL_ERROR_BAD_ARGUMENTS;
memset(keybuf, 0, keybuf_len);
key->type = HAL_KEY_TYPE_EC_PRIVATE;
size_t hlen, vlen;
hal_error_t err;
if ((err = hal_asn1_decode_header(ASN1_SEQUENCE, der, der_len, &hlen, &vlen)) != HAL_OK)
return err;
const uint8_t * const der_end = der + hlen + vlen;
const uint8_t *d = der + hlen;
const ecdsa_curve_t *curve = NULL;
fp_int version[1] = INIT_FP_INT;
if ((err = hal_asn1_decode_integer(version, d, &hlen, vlen)) != HAL_OK)
goto fail;
if (fp_cmp_d(version, 1) != FP_EQ)
lose(HAL_ERROR_ASN1_PARSE_FAILED);
d += hlen;
if ((err = hal_asn1_decode_header(ASN1_OCTET_STRING, d, der_end - d, &hlen, &vlen)) != HAL_OK)
return err;
d += hlen;
fp_read_unsigned_bin(key->d, unconst_uint8_t(d), vlen);
d += vlen;
if ((err = hal_asn1_decode_header(ASN1_EXPLICIT_0, d, der_end - d, &hlen, &vlen)) != HAL_OK)
return err;
d += hlen;
if (vlen > der_end - d)
lose(HAL_ERROR_ASN1_PARSE_FAILED);
if ((err = hal_asn1_decode_header(ASN1_OBJECT_IDENTIFIER, d, vlen, &hlen, &vlen)) != HAL_OK)
return err;
d += hlen;
if ((curve = oid_to_curve(&key->curve, d, vlen)) == NULL)
lose(HAL_ERROR_ASN1_PARSE_FAILED);
d += vlen;
if ((err = hal_asn1_decode_header(ASN1_EXPLICIT_1, d, der_end - d, &hlen, &vlen)) != HAL_OK)
return err;
d += hlen;
if (vlen > der_end - d)
lose(HAL_ERROR_ASN1_PARSE_FAILED);
if ((err = hal_asn1_decode_header(ASN1_BIT_STRING, d, vlen, &hlen, &vlen)) != HAL_OK)
return err;
d += hlen;
if (vlen < 4 || (vlen & 1) != 0 || *d++ != 0x00 || *d++ != 0x04)
lose(HAL_ERROR_ASN1_PARSE_FAILED);
vlen = vlen/2 - 1;
fp_read_unsigned_bin(key->Q->x, unconst_uint8_t(d), vlen);
d += vlen;
fp_read_unsigned_bin(key->Q->y, unconst_uint8_t(d), vlen);
d += vlen;
fp_set(key->Q->z, 1);
if (d != der_end)
lose(HAL_ERROR_ASN1_PARSE_FAILED);
*key_ = key;
return HAL_OK;
fail:
memset(keybuf, 0, keybuf_len);
return err;
}
/*
* Write public key in SubjectPublicKeyInfo format, see RFCS 5280 and 5480.
*/
static const uint8_t oid_ecPublicKey[] = { 0x2A, 0x86, 0x48, 0xCE, 0x3D, 0x02, 0x01 };
hal_error_t hal_ecdsa_public_key_to_der(const hal_ecdsa_key_t * const key,
uint8_t *der, size_t *der_len, const size_t der_max)
{
if (key == NULL || (key->type != HAL_KEY_TYPE_EC_PRIVATE &&
key->type != HAL_KEY_TYPE_EC_PUBLIC))
return HAL_ERROR_BAD_ARGUMENTS;
const ecdsa_curve_t * const curve = get_curve(key->curve);
if (curve == NULL)
return HAL_ERROR_IMPOSSIBLE;
const size_t q_len = fp_unsigned_bin_size(unconst_fp_int(curve->q));
const size_t Qx_len = fp_unsigned_bin_size(unconst_fp_int(key->Q->x));
const size_t Qy_len = fp_unsigned_bin_size(unconst_fp_int(key->Q->y));
const size_t ecpoint_len = q_len * 2 + 1;
assert(q_len >= Qx_len && q_len >= Qy_len);
if (der != NULL && ecpoint_len < der_max) {
memset(der, 0, ecpoint_len);
uint8_t *d = der;
*d++ = 0x04; /* Uncompressed */
fp_to_unsigned_bin(unconst_fp_int(key->Q->x), d + q_len - Qx_len);
d += q_len;
fp_to_unsigned_bin(unconst_fp_int(key->Q->y), d + q_len - Qy_len);
d += q_len;
assert(d < der + der_max);
}
return hal_asn1_encode_spki(oid_ecPublicKey, sizeof(oid_ecPublicKey),
curve->oid, curve->oid_len,
der, ecpoint_len,
der, der_len, der_max);
}
/*
* Convenience wrapper to return how many bytes a public key would
* take if encoded as DER.
*/
size_t hal_ecdsa_public_key_to_der_len(const hal_ecdsa_key_t * const key)
{
size_t len;
return hal_ecdsa_public_key_to_der(key, NULL, &len, 0) == HAL_OK ? len : 0;
}
/*
* Read public key in SubjectPublicKeyInfo format, see RFCS 5280 and 5480.
*/
hal_error_t hal_ecdsa_public_key_from_der(hal_ecdsa_key_t **key_,
void *keybuf, const size_t keybuf_len,
const uint8_t * const der, const size_t der_len)
{
hal_ecdsa_key_t *key = keybuf;
if (key_ == NULL || key == NULL || keybuf_len < sizeof(*key))
return HAL_ERROR_BAD_ARGUMENTS;
memset(keybuf, 0, keybuf_len);
key->type = HAL_KEY_TYPE_EC_PUBLIC;
const uint8_t *alg_oid = NULL, *curve_oid = NULL, *pubkey = NULL;
size_t alg_oid_len, curve_oid_len, pubkey_len;
const ecdsa_curve_t *curve;
hal_error_t err;
if ((err = hal_asn1_decode_spki(&alg_oid, &alg_oid_len, &curve_oid, &curve_oid_len, &pubkey, &pubkey_len,
der, der_len)) != HAL_OK)
return err;
if (alg_oid == NULL || curve_oid == NULL || pubkey == NULL ||
alg_oid_len != sizeof(oid_ecPublicKey) || memcmp(alg_oid, oid_ecPublicKey, alg_oid_len) != 0 ||
(curve = oid_to_curve(&key->curve, curve_oid, curve_oid_len)) == NULL ||
pubkey_len < 3 || (pubkey_len & 1) == 0 || pubkey[0] != 0x04 ||
pubkey_len / 2 != fp_unsigned_bin_size(unconst_fp_int(curve->q)))
return HAL_ERROR_ASN1_PARSE_FAILED;
const uint8_t * const Qx = pubkey + 1;
const uint8_t * const Qy = Qx + pubkey_len / 2;
fp_read_unsigned_bin(key->Q->x, unconst_uint8_t(Qx), pubkey_len / 2);
fp_read_unsigned_bin(key->Q->y, unconst_uint8_t(Qy), pubkey_len / 2);
fp_set(key->Q->z, 1);
*key_ = key;
return HAL_OK;
}
/*
* Encode a signature in PKCS #11 format: an octet string consisting
* of concatenated values for r and s, each padded (if necessary) out
* to the byte length of the order of the base point.
*/
static hal_error_t encode_signature_pkcs11(const ecdsa_curve_t * const curve,
const fp_int * const r, const fp_int * const s,
uint8_t *signature, size_t *signature_len, const size_t signature_max)
{
assert(curve != NULL && r != NULL && s != NULL);
const size_t n_len = fp_unsigned_bin_size(unconst_fp_int(curve->n));
const size_t r_len = fp_unsigned_bin_size(unconst_fp_int(r));
const size_t s_len = fp_unsigned_bin_size(unconst_fp_int(s));
if (n_len < r_len || n_len < s_len)
return HAL_ERROR_IMPOSSIBLE;
if (signature_len != NULL)
*signature_len = n_len * 2;
if (signature == NULL)
return HAL_OK;
if (signature_max < n_len * 2)
return HAL_ERROR_RESULT_TOO_LONG;
memset(signature, 0, n_len * 2);
fp_to_unsigned_bin(unconst_fp_int(r), signature + 1 * n_len - r_len);
fp_to_unsigned_bin(unconst_fp_int(s), signature + 2 * n_len - s_len);
return HAL_OK;
}
/*
* Decode a signature from PKCS #11 format: an octet string consisting
* of concatenated values for r and s, each of which occupies half of
* the octet string (which must therefore be of even length).
*/
static hal_error_t decode_signature_pkcs11(const ecdsa_curve_t * const curve,
fp_int *r, fp_int *s,
const uint8_t * const signature, const size_t signature_len)
{
assert(curve != NULL && r != NULL && s != NULL);
if (signature == NULL || (signature_len & 1) != 0)
return HAL_ERROR_BAD_ARGUMENTS;
const size_t n_len = signature_len / 2;
if (n_len > fp_unsigned_bin_size(unconst_fp_int(curve->n)))
return HAL_ERROR_BAD_ARGUMENTS;
fp_read_unsigned_bin(r, unconst_uint8_t(signature) + 0 * n_len, n_len);
fp_read_unsigned_bin(s, unconst_uint8_t(signature) + 1 * n_len, n_len);
return HAL_OK;
}
/*
* Sign a caller-supplied hash.
*/
hal_error_t hal_ecdsa_sign(const hal_core_t *core,
const hal_ecdsa_key_t * const key,
const uint8_t * const hash, const size_t hash_len,
uint8_t *signature, size_t *signature_len, const size_t signature_max)
{
if (key == NULL || hash == NULL || signature == NULL || signature_len == NULL || key->type != HAL_KEY_TYPE_EC_PRIVATE)
return HAL_ERROR_BAD_ARGUMENTS;
const ecdsa_curve_t * const curve = get_curve(key->curve);
if (curve == NULL)
return HAL_ERROR_IMPOSSIBLE;
fp_int k[1] = INIT_FP_INT;
fp_int r[1] = INIT_FP_INT;
fp_int s[1] = INIT_FP_INT;
fp_int e[1] = INIT_FP_INT;
fp_int * const n = unconst_fp_int(curve->n);
fp_int * const d = unconst_fp_int(key->d);
ec_point_t R[1] = INIT_EC_POINT_T;
hal_error_t err;
fp_read_unsigned_bin(e, unconst_uint8_t(hash), hash_len);
do {
/*
* Pick random curve point R, then calculate r = Rx % n.
* If r == 0, we can't use this point, so go try again.
*/
if ((err = point_pick_random(curve, k, R)) != HAL_OK)
goto fail;
assert(point_is_on_curve(R, curve));
if (fp_mod(R->x, n, r) != FP_OKAY)
lose(HAL_ERROR_IMPOSSIBLE);
if (fp_iszero(r))
continue;
/*
* Calculate s = ((e + dr)/k) % n.
* If s == 0, we can't use this point, so go try again.
*/
if (fp_mulmod (d, r, n, s) != FP_OKAY)
lose(HAL_ERROR_IMPOSSIBLE);
fp_add (e, s, s);
if (fp_mod (s, n, s) != FP_OKAY ||
fp_invmod (k, n, k) != FP_OKAY ||
fp_mulmod (s, k, n, s) != FP_OKAY)
lose(HAL_ERROR_IMPOSSIBLE);
} while (fp_iszero(s));
/*
* Encode the signature, then we're done.
*/
if ((err = encode_signature_pkcs11(curve, r, s, signature, signature_len, signature_max)) != HAL_OK)
goto fail;
err = HAL_OK;
fail:
fp_zero(k); fp_zero(r); fp_zero(s); fp_zero(e);
memset(R, 0, sizeof(R));
return err;
}
/*
* Verify a signature using a caller-supplied hash.
*/
hal_error_t hal_ecdsa_verify(const hal_core_t *core,
const hal_ecdsa_key_t * const key,
const uint8_t * const hash, const size_t hash_len,
const uint8_t * const signature, const size_t signature_len)
{
assert(key != NULL && hash != NULL && signature != NULL);
const ecdsa_curve_t * const curve = get_curve(key->curve);
if (curve == NULL)
return HAL_ERROR_IMPOSSIBLE;
if (!point_is_on_curve(key->Q, curve))
return HAL_ERROR_KEY_NOT_ON_CURVE;
fp_int * const n = unconst_fp_int(curve->n);
hal_error_t err;
fp_int r[1] = INIT_FP_INT;
fp_int s[1] = INIT_FP_INT;
fp_int e[1] = INIT_FP_INT;
fp_int w[1] = INIT_FP_INT;
fp_int u1[1] = INIT_FP_INT;
fp_int u2[1] = INIT_FP_INT;
fp_int v[1] = INIT_FP_INT;
ec_point_t u1G[1] = INIT_EC_POINT_T;
ec_point_t u2Q[1] = INIT_EC_POINT_T;
ec_point_t R[1] = INIT_EC_POINT_T;
/*
* Start by decoding the signature.
*/
if ((err = decode_signature_pkcs11(curve, r, s, signature, signature_len)) != HAL_OK)
return err;
/*
* Check that r and s are in the allowed range, read the hash, then
* compute:
*
* w = 1 / s
* u1 = e * w
* u2 = r * w
* R = u1 * G + u2 * Q.
*/
if (fp_cmp_d(r, 1) == FP_LT || fp_cmp(r, n) != FP_LT ||
fp_cmp_d(s, 1) == FP_LT || fp_cmp(s, n) != FP_LT)
return HAL_ERROR_INVALID_SIGNATURE;
fp_read_unsigned_bin(e, unconst_uint8_t(hash), hash_len);
if (fp_invmod(s, n, w) != FP_OKAY ||
fp_mulmod(e, w, n, u1) != FP_OKAY ||
fp_mulmod(r, w, n, u2) != FP_OKAY)
return HAL_ERROR_IMPOSSIBLE;
fp_copy(unconst_fp_int(curve->Gx), u1G->x);
fp_copy(unconst_fp_int(curve->Gy), u1G->y);
fp_set(u1G->z, 1);
if ((err = point_scalar_multiply(u1, u1G, u1G, curve)) != HAL_OK ||
(err = point_scalar_multiply(u2, key->Q, u2Q, curve)) != HAL_OK)
return err;
if (point_is_infinite(u1G))
point_copy(u2Q, R);
else if (point_is_infinite(u2Q))
point_copy(u1G, R);
else if ((err = point_to_montgomery(u1G, curve)) != HAL_OK ||
(err = point_to_montgomery(u2Q, curve)) != HAL_OK)
return err;
else
point_add(u1G, u2Q, R, curve);
/*
* Signature is OK if
* R is not the point at infinity, and
* Rx is congruent to r mod n.
*/
if (point_is_infinite(R))
return HAL_ERROR_INVALID_SIGNATURE;
if ((err = point_to_affine(R, curve)) != HAL_OK)
return err;
if (fp_mod(R->x, n, v) != FP_OKAY)
return HAL_ERROR_IMPOSSIBLE;
return fp_cmp(v, r) == FP_EQ ? HAL_OK : HAL_ERROR_INVALID_SIGNATURE;
}
/*
* Local variables:
* indent-tabs-mode: nil
* End:
*/
