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-rw-r--r--lowlevel/artix7/adder32_artix7.v96
-rw-r--r--lowlevel/artix7/adder47_artix7.v91
-rw-r--r--lowlevel/artix7/dsp48e1_wrapper.v159
-rw-r--r--lowlevel/artix7/dsp48e1_wrapper_modexp.v159
-rw-r--r--lowlevel/artix7/mac16_artix7.v90
-rw-r--r--lowlevel/artix7/modexp_systolic_pe_artix7.v126
-rw-r--r--lowlevel/artix7/subtractor32_artix7.v94
-rw-r--r--lowlevel/cryptech_primitive_switch.vh94
-rw-r--r--lowlevel/generic/adder32_generic.v67
-rw-r--r--lowlevel/generic/adder47_generic.v64
-rw-r--r--lowlevel/generic/mac16_generic.v74
-rw-r--r--lowlevel/generic/modexp_systolic_pe_generic.v85
-rw-r--r--lowlevel/generic/subtractor32_generic.v67
13 files changed, 1266 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/lowlevel/artix7/adder32_artix7.v b/lowlevel/artix7/adder32_artix7.v
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..dad2340
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lowlevel/artix7/adder32_artix7.v
@@ -0,0 +1,96 @@
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//
+// adder32_artix7.v
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Hardware (Artix-7 DSP48E1) 32-bit adder.
+//
+// Authors: Pavel Shatov
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2016, NORDUnet A/S
+//
+// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+// modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
+//
+// - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
+// this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+//
+// - Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
+// this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
+// and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+//
+// - Neither the name of the NORDUnet nor the names of its contributors may be
+// used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without
+// specific prior written permission.
+//
+// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
+// AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+// IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
+// ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE
+// LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
+// CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
+// SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
+// INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
+// CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
+// ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
+// POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+//
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+module adder32_artix7
+ (
+ input clk, // clock
+ input [31: 0] a, // operand input
+ input [31: 0] b, // operand input
+ output [31: 0] s, // sum output
+ input c_in, // carry input
+ output c_out // carry output
+ );
+
+ //
+ // Lower and higher parts of operand
+ //
+ wire [17: 0] bl = b[17: 0];
+ wire [13: 0] bh = b[31:18];
+
+
+ //
+ // DSP48E1 Slice
+ //
+
+ /* Operation Mode */
+ wire [ 3: 0] dsp48e1_alumode = 4'b0000;
+ wire [ 6: 0] dsp48e1_opmode = 7'b0110011;
+
+ /* Internal Product */
+ wire [47: 0] p_int;
+
+ dsp48e1_wrapper dsp_adder
+ (
+ .clk (clk),
+
+ .ce (1'b1),
+
+ .carry (c_in),
+
+ .alumode (dsp48e1_alumode),
+ .opmode (dsp48e1_opmode),
+
+ .a ({{16{1'b0}}, bh}),
+ .b (bl),
+ .c ({{16{1'b0}}, a}),
+
+ .p (p_int)
+ );
+
+ //
+ // Output Mapping
+ //
+ assign s = p_int[31: 0];
+ assign c_out = p_int[32];
+
+
+endmodule
+
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// End-of-File
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/lowlevel/artix7/adder47_artix7.v b/lowlevel/artix7/adder47_artix7.v
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..caafc85
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lowlevel/artix7/adder47_artix7.v
@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//
+// adder47_artix7.v
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Hardware (Artix-7 DSP48E1) 47-bit adder.
+//
+// Authors: Pavel Shatov
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2016, NORDUnet A/S
+//
+// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+// modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
+//
+// - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
+// this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+//
+// - Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
+// this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
+// and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+//
+// - Neither the name of the NORDUnet nor the names of its contributors may be
+// used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without
+// specific prior written permission.
+//
+// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
+// AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+// IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
+// ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE
+// LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
+// CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
+// SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
+// INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
+// CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
+// ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
+// POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+//
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+module adder47_artix7
+ (
+ input clk, // clock
+ input [46: 0] a, // operand input
+ input [46: 0] b, // operand input
+ output [46: 0] s // sum output
+ );
+
+ //
+ // Lower and higher parts of operand
+ //
+ wire [17: 0] bl = b[17: 0];
+ wire [28: 0] bh = b[46:18];
+
+ //
+ // DSP48E1 Slice
+ //
+
+ /* Operation Mode */
+ wire [ 3: 0] dsp48e1_alumode = 4'b0000;
+ wire [ 6: 0] dsp48e1_opmode = 7'b0110011;
+
+ /* Internal Product */
+ wire [47: 0] p_int;
+
+ dsp48e1_wrapper dsp_adder
+ (
+ .clk (clk),
+
+ .ce (1'b1),
+
+ .carry (1'b0),
+
+ .alumode (dsp48e1_alumode),
+ .opmode (dsp48e1_opmode),
+
+ .a ({1'b0, bh}),
+ .b (bl),
+ .c ({1'b0, a}),
+
+ .p (p_int)
+ );
+
+ //
+ // Output Mapping
+ //
+ assign s = p_int[46: 0];
+
+endmodule
+
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// End-of-File
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/lowlevel/artix7/dsp48e1_wrapper.v b/lowlevel/artix7/dsp48e1_wrapper.v
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4c272f0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lowlevel/artix7/dsp48e1_wrapper.v
@@ -0,0 +1,159 @@
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//
+// dsp48e1_wrapper.v
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Hardware (Artix-7 DSP48E1) tile wrapper.
+//
+// Authors: Pavel Shatov
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2016, NORDUnet A/S
+//
+// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+// modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
+//
+// - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
+// this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+//
+// - Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
+// this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
+// and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+//
+// - Neither the name of the NORDUnet nor the names of its contributors may be
+// used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without
+// specific prior written permission.
+//
+// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
+// AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+// IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
+// ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE
+// LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
+// CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
+// SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
+// INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
+// CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
+// ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
+// POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+//
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+module dsp48e1_wrapper
+ (
+ input clk,
+
+ input ce,
+
+ input [ 6: 0] opmode,
+ input [ 3: 0] alumode,
+
+ input carry,
+
+ input [29: 0] a,
+ input [17: 0] b,
+ input [47: 0] c,
+
+ output [47: 0] p
+ );
+
+
+ //
+ // Tile instantiation
+ //
+ DSP48E1 #
+ (
+ .AREG (0),
+ .BREG (0),
+ .CREG (0),
+ .DREG (0),
+ .MREG (0),
+ .PREG (1),
+ .ADREG (0),
+
+ .ACASCREG (0),
+ .BCASCREG (0),
+ .ALUMODEREG (0),
+ .INMODEREG (0),
+ .OPMODEREG (0),
+ .CARRYINREG (0),
+ .CARRYINSELREG (0),
+
+ .A_INPUT ("DIRECT"),
+ .B_INPUT ("DIRECT"),
+
+ .USE_DPORT ("FALSE"),
+ .USE_MULT ("DYNAMIC"),
+ .USE_SIMD ("ONE48"),
+
+ .USE_PATTERN_DETECT ("NO_PATDET"),
+ .SEL_PATTERN ("PATTERN"),
+ .SEL_MASK ("MASK"),
+ .PATTERN (48'h000000000000),
+ .MASK (48'h3fffffffffff),
+ .AUTORESET_PATDET ("NO_RESET")
+ )
+ DSP48E1_inst
+ (
+ .CLK (clk),
+
+ .RSTA (1'b0),
+ .RSTB (1'b0),
+ .RSTC (1'b0),
+ .RSTD (1'b0),
+ .RSTM (1'b0),
+ .RSTP (1'b0),
+
+ .RSTCTRL (1'b0),
+ .RSTINMODE (1'b0),
+ .RSTALUMODE (1'b0),
+ .RSTALLCARRYIN (1'b0),
+
+ .CEA1 (1'b0),
+ .CEA2 (1'b0),
+ .CEB1 (1'b0),
+ .CEB2 (1'b0),
+ .CEC (1'b0),
+ .CED (1'b0),
+ .CEM (1'b0),
+ .CEP (ce),
+ .CEAD (1'b0),
+ .CEALUMODE (1'b0),
+ .CEINMODE (1'b0),
+
+ .CECTRL (1'b0),
+ .CECARRYIN (1'b0),
+
+ .A (a),
+ .B (b),
+ .C (c),
+ .D ({25{1'b1}}),
+ .P (p),
+
+ .CARRYIN (carry),
+ .CARRYOUT (),
+ .CARRYINSEL (3'b000),
+
+ .CARRYCASCIN (1'b0),
+ .CARRYCASCOUT (),
+
+ .PATTERNDETECT (),
+ .PATTERNBDETECT (),
+
+ .OPMODE (opmode),
+ .ALUMODE (alumode),
+ .INMODE (5'b00000),
+
+ .MULTSIGNIN (1'b0),
+ .MULTSIGNOUT (),
+
+ .UNDERFLOW (),
+ .OVERFLOW (),
+
+ .ACIN (30'd0),
+ .BCIN (18'd0),
+ .PCIN (48'd0),
+
+ .ACOUT (),
+ .BCOUT (),
+ .PCOUT ()
+ );
+
+endmodule
diff --git a/lowlevel/artix7/dsp48e1_wrapper_modexp.v b/lowlevel/artix7/dsp48e1_wrapper_modexp.v
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..17d8efe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lowlevel/artix7/dsp48e1_wrapper_modexp.v
@@ -0,0 +1,159 @@
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//
+// dsp48e1_wrapper_modexp.v
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Extended hardware (Artix-7 DSP48E1) tile wrapper.
+//
+// Authors: Pavel Shatov
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2016-2018, NORDUnet A/S
+//
+// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+// modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
+//
+// - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
+// this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+//
+// - Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
+// this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
+// and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+//
+// - Neither the name of the NORDUnet nor the names of its contributors may be
+// used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without
+// specific prior written permission.
+//
+// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
+// AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+// IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
+// ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE
+// LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
+// CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
+// SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
+// INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
+// CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
+// ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
+// POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+//
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+module modexpa7_dsp48e1_wrapper_modexp #
+ (
+ parameter AREG = 1'b0,
+ parameter PREG = 1'b0,
+
+ parameter A_INPUT = "DIRECT"
+ )
+ (
+ input clk,
+ input [ 6: 0] opmode,
+ input [29: 0] a,
+ input [17: 0] b,
+ output [47: 0] p,
+ input [29: 0] acin,
+ input [47: 0] pcin,
+ output [29: 0] acout,
+ output [47: 0] pcout
+ );
+
+ //
+ // Tile instantiation
+ //
+ DSP48E1 #
+ (
+ .AREG (AREG),
+ .BREG (1'b1),
+ .CREG (0),
+ .DREG (0),
+ .MREG (0),
+ .PREG (PREG),
+ .ADREG (0),
+
+ .ACASCREG (AREG),
+ .BCASCREG (1'b1),
+ .ALUMODEREG (0),
+ .INMODEREG (0),
+ .OPMODEREG (0),
+ .CARRYINREG (0),
+ .CARRYINSELREG (0),
+
+ .A_INPUT (A_INPUT),
+ .B_INPUT ("DIRECT"),
+
+ .USE_DPORT ("FALSE"),
+ .USE_MULT ("MULTIPLY"),
+ .USE_SIMD ("ONE48"),
+
+ .USE_PATTERN_DETECT ("NO_PATDET"),
+ .SEL_PATTERN ("PATTERN"),
+ .SEL_MASK ("MASK"),
+ .PATTERN (48'h000000000000),
+ .MASK (48'h3fffffffffff),
+ .AUTORESET_PATDET ("NO_RESET")
+ )
+ DSP48E1_inst
+ (
+ .CLK (clk),
+
+ .RSTA (1'b0),
+ .RSTB (1'b0),
+ .RSTC (1'b0),
+ .RSTD (1'b0),
+ .RSTM (1'b0),
+ .RSTP (1'b0),
+
+ .RSTCTRL (1'b0),
+ .RSTINMODE (1'b0),
+ .RSTALUMODE (1'b0),
+ .RSTALLCARRYIN (1'b0),
+
+ .CEA1 (1'b0),
+ .CEA2 (AREG),
+ .CEB1 (1'b0),
+ .CEB2 (1'b1),
+ .CEC (1'b0),
+ .CED (1'b0),
+ .CEM (1'b0),
+ .CEP (PREG),
+ .CEAD (1'b0),
+ .CEALUMODE (1'b0),
+ .CEINMODE (1'b0),
+
+ .CECTRL (1'b0),
+ .CECARRYIN (1'b0),
+
+ .A (a),
+ .B (b),
+ .C ({48{1'b0}}),
+ .D ({25{1'b1}}),
+ .P (p),
+
+ .CARRYIN (1'b0),
+ .CARRYOUT (),
+ .CARRYINSEL (3'b000),
+
+ .CARRYCASCIN (1'b0),
+ .CARRYCASCOUT (),
+
+ .PATTERNDETECT (),
+ .PATTERNBDETECT (),
+
+ .OPMODE (opmode),
+ .ALUMODE (4'b0000),
+ .INMODE (5'b00000),
+
+ .MULTSIGNIN (1'b0),
+ .MULTSIGNOUT (),
+
+ .UNDERFLOW (),
+ .OVERFLOW (),
+
+ .ACIN (acin),
+ .BCIN (18'd0),
+ .PCIN (pcin),
+
+ .ACOUT (acout),
+ .BCOUT (),
+ .PCOUT (pcout)
+ );
+
+endmodule
diff --git a/lowlevel/artix7/mac16_artix7.v b/lowlevel/artix7/mac16_artix7.v
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..421e7ba
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lowlevel/artix7/mac16_artix7.v
@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//
+// mac16_artix7.v
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Hardware (Artix-7 DSP48E1) 16-bit multiplier and 47-bit accumulator.
+//
+// Authors: Pavel Shatov
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2016, NORDUnet A/S
+//
+// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+// modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
+//
+// - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
+// this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+//
+// - Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
+// this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
+// and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+//
+// - Neither the name of the NORDUnet nor the names of its contributors may be
+// used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without
+// specific prior written permission.
+//
+// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
+// AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+// IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
+// ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE
+// LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
+// CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
+// SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
+// INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
+// CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
+// ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
+// POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+//
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+module mac16_artix7
+ (
+ input clk, // clock
+ input clr, // clear accumulator (active-high)
+ input ce, // enable clock (active-high)
+ input [15: 0] a, // operand input
+ input [15: 0] b, // operand input
+ output [46: 0] s // sum output
+ );
+
+
+ //
+ // DSP48E1 Slice
+ //
+
+ /* Operation Mode */
+ wire [ 3: 0] dsp48e1_alumode = 4'b0000;
+ wire [ 6: 0] dsp48e1_opmode = {2'b01, clr, 4'b0101};
+
+ /* Internal Product */
+ wire [47: 0] p_int;
+
+ dsp48e1_wrapper dsp_adder
+ (
+ .clk (clk),
+
+ .ce (ce),
+
+ .carry (1'b0),
+
+ .alumode (dsp48e1_alumode),
+ .opmode (dsp48e1_opmode),
+
+ .a ({{14{1'b0}}, a}),
+ .b ({{ 2{1'b0}}, b}),
+ .c ({48{1'b0}}),
+
+ .p (p_int)
+ );
+
+ //
+ // Output Mapping
+ //
+ assign s = p_int[46:0];
+
+
+endmodule
+
+
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// End-of-File
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/lowlevel/artix7/modexp_systolic_pe_artix7.v b/lowlevel/artix7/modexp_systolic_pe_artix7.v
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..08391f5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lowlevel/artix7/modexp_systolic_pe_artix7.v
@@ -0,0 +1,126 @@
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//
+// modexp_systolic_pe_artix7.v
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Hardware (Artix-7 DSP48E1) low-level systolic array processing element.
+//
+// Authors: Pavel Shatov
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2016-2017, NORDUnet A/S
+//
+// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+// modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
+//
+// - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
+// this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+//
+// - Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
+// this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
+// and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+//
+// - Neither the name of the NORDUnet nor the names of its contributors may be
+// used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without
+// specific prior written permission.
+//
+// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
+// AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+// IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
+// ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE
+// LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
+// CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
+// SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
+// INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
+// CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
+// ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
+// POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+//
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+module modexp_systolic_pe_artix7
+ (
+ input clk,
+ input [31: 0] a,
+ input [31: 0] b,
+ input [31: 0] t,
+ input [31: 0] c_in,
+ output [31: 0] p,
+ output [31: 0] c_out
+ );
+
+ reg [31: 0] t_dly;
+ reg [31: 0] c_in_dly;
+
+ always @(posedge clk) t_dly <= t;
+ always @(posedge clk) c_in_dly <= c_in;
+
+ wire [31: 0] t_c_in_s;
+ wire t_c_in_c_out;
+
+ reg t_c_in_c_out_dly;
+
+ always @(posedge clk) t_c_in_c_out_dly <= t_c_in_c_out;
+
+ modexpa7_adder32_artix7 add_t_c_in
+ (
+ .clk (clk),
+ .ce (1'b1),
+ .a (t_dly),
+ .b (c_in_dly),
+ .c_in (1'b0),
+ .s (t_c_in_s),
+ .c_out (t_c_in_c_out)
+ );
+
+ wire [63: 0] a_b;
+
+ wire [31: 0] a_b_lsb = a_b[31: 0];
+ wire [31: 0] a_b_msb = a_b[63:32];
+
+ reg [31: 0] a_b_msb_dly;
+
+ always @(posedge clk) a_b_msb_dly <= a_b_msb;
+
+ modexpa7_multiplier32_artix7 mul_a_b
+ (
+ .clk (clk),
+ .a (a),
+ .b (b),
+ .p (a_b)
+ );
+
+ wire [31: 0] add_p_s;
+ wire add_p_c_out;
+
+ reg [31: 0] add_p_s_dly;
+
+ always @(posedge clk) add_p_s_dly <= add_p_s;
+
+ assign p = add_p_s_dly;
+
+ modexpa7_adder32_artix7 add_p
+ (
+ .clk (clk),
+ .ce (1'b1),
+ .a (a_b_lsb),
+ .b (t_c_in_s),
+ .c_in (1'b0),
+ .s (add_p_s),
+ .c_out (add_p_c_out)
+ );
+
+ modexpa7_adder32_artix7 add_c_out
+ (
+ .clk (clk),
+ .ce (1'b1),
+ .a (a_b_msb_dly),
+ .b ({{31{1'b0}}, t_c_in_c_out_dly}),
+ .c_in (add_p_c_out),
+ .s (c_out),
+ .c_out ()
+ );
+
+endmodule
+
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// End-of-File
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/lowlevel/artix7/subtractor32_artix7.v b/lowlevel/artix7/subtractor32_artix7.v
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7377781
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lowlevel/artix7/subtractor32_artix7.v
@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//
+// subtractor32_artix7.v
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Hardware (Artix-7 DSP48E1) 32-bit subtractor.
+//
+// Authors: Pavel Shatov
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2016, NORDUnet A/S
+//
+// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+// modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
+//
+// - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
+// this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+//
+// - Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
+// this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
+// and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+//
+// - Neither the name of the NORDUnet nor the names of its contributors may be
+// used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without
+// specific prior written permission.
+//
+// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
+// AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+// IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
+// ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE
+// LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
+// CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
+// SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
+// INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
+// CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
+// ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
+// POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+//
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+module subtractor32_artix7
+ (
+ input clk,
+ input [31: 0] a,
+ input [31: 0] b,
+ output [31: 0] d,
+ input b_in,
+ output b_out
+ );
+
+ //
+ // Lower and higher parts of operand
+ //
+ wire [17: 0] bl = b[17: 0];
+ wire [13: 0] bh = b[31:18];
+
+ //
+ // DSP48E1 Slice
+ //
+
+ /* Operation Mode */
+ wire [ 3: 0] dsp48e1_alumode = 4'b0011;
+ wire [ 6: 0] dsp48e1_opmode = 7'b0110011;
+
+ /* Internal Product */
+ wire [47: 0] p_int;
+
+ dsp48e1_wrapper dsp_subtractor
+ (
+ .clk (clk),
+
+ .ce (1'b1),
+
+ .carry (b_in),
+
+ .alumode (dsp48e1_alumode),
+ .opmode (dsp48e1_opmode),
+
+ .a ({{16{1'b0}}, bh}),
+ .b (bl),
+ .c ({{16{1'b0}}, a}),
+
+ .p (p_int)
+ );
+
+ //
+ // Output Mapping
+ //
+ assign d = p_int[31: 0];
+ assign b_out = p_int[32];
+
+endmodule
+
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// End-of-File
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/lowlevel/cryptech_primitive_switch.vh b/lowlevel/cryptech_primitive_switch.vh
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a4aad45
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lowlevel/cryptech_primitive_switch.vh
@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+//======================================================================
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2018, NORDUnet A/S All rights reserved.
+//
+// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+// modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+// are met:
+// - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+// notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+//
+// - Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+// notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+// documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+//
+// - Neither the name of the NORDUnet nor the names of its contributors may
+// be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
+// without specific prior written permission.
+//
+// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS
+// IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
+// TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A
+// PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+// HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+// SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
+// TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
+// PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
+// LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
+// NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
+// SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+//
+//======================================================================
+
+/* IMPORTANT: The scope of `define in Verilog is somewhat unevident (one
+ "compilation unit"), thus all `defines are prefixed with
+ CRYPTECH_ to prevent any potentical conflicts.
+ */
+
+/* NOTE: You can comment the following line when simulating to use generic
+ primitives and get some speedup, otherwise un-comment it to take
+ advantage of vendor-specific hardware math slices when building the
+ bitstream.
+ */
+
+
+ // generic/vendor switch
+`define CRYPTECH_USE_VENDOR_PRIMITIVES
+
+
+ //
+ // Generic Math Primitives
+ //
+`define CRYPTECH_PRIMITIVE_MAC16_GENERIC mac16_generic
+`define CRYPTECH_PRIMITIVE_ADD32_GENERIC adder32_generic
+`define CRYPTECH_PRIMITIVE_ADD47_GENERIC adder47_generic
+`define CRYPTECH_PRIMITIVE_SUB32_GENERIC subtractor32_generic
+
+
+ //
+ // Xilinx Math Primitives for Artix-7 Family
+ //
+`define CRYPTECH_PRIMITIVE_MAC16_VENDOR mac16_artix7
+`define CRYPTECH_PRIMITIVE_ADD32_VENDOR adder32_artix7
+`define CRYPTECH_PRIMITIVE_ADD47_VENDOR adder47_artix7
+`define CRYPTECH_PRIMITIVE_SUB32_VENDOR subtractor32_artix7
+
+
+
+/* map CRYPTECH_PRIMITIVE_* to either CRYPTECH_PRIMITIVE_*_GENERIC or
+ CRYPTECH_PRIMITIVE_*_VENDOR based on the value of the earlier generic/vendor
+ switch.
+ */
+
+`ifndef CRYPTECH_USE_VENDOR_PRIMITIVES
+
+ // generic primitives
+`define CRYPTECH_PRIMITIVE_MAC16 `CRYPTECH_PRIMITIVE_MAC16_GENERIC
+`define CRYPTECH_PRIMITIVE_ADD32 `CRYPTECH_PRIMITIVE_ADD32_GENERIC
+`define CRYPTECH_PRIMITIVE_ADD47 `CRYPTECH_PRIMITIVE_ADD47_GENERIC
+`define CRYPTECH_PRIMITIVE_SUB32 `CRYPTECH_PRIMITIVE_SUB32_GENERIC
+
+`else
+
+ // vendor-specific primitives
+`define CRYPTECH_PRIMITIVE_MAC16 `CRYPTECH_PRIMITIVE_MAC16_VENDOR
+`define CRYPTECH_PRIMITIVE_ADD47 `CRYPTECH_PRIMITIVE_ADD47_VENDOR
+`define CRYPTECH_PRIMITIVE_ADD32 `CRYPTECH_PRIMITIVE_ADD32_VENDOR
+`define CRYPTECH_PRIMITIVE_SUB32 `CRYPTECH_PRIMITIVE_SUB32_VENDOR
+
+`endif
+
+
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// End-of-File
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/lowlevel/generic/adder32_generic.v b/lowlevel/generic/adder32_generic.v
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..eadfb6f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lowlevel/generic/adder32_generic.v
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//
+// adder32_generic.v
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Generic 32-bit adder.
+//
+// Authors: Pavel Shatov
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2016, NORDUnet A/S
+//
+// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+// modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
+//
+// - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
+// this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+//
+// - Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
+// this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
+// and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+//
+// - Neither the name of the NORDUnet nor the names of its contributors may be
+// used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without
+// specific prior written permission.
+//
+// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
+// AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+// IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
+// ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE
+// LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
+// CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
+// SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
+// INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
+// CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
+// ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
+// POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+//
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+module adder32_generic
+ (
+ input clk, // clock
+ input [31: 0] a, // operand input
+ input [31: 0] b, // operand input
+ output [31: 0] s, // sum output
+ input c_in, // carry input
+ output c_out // carry output
+ );
+
+ //
+ // Sum
+ //
+ reg [32: 0] s_int;
+
+ always @(posedge clk)
+ s_int <= {1'b0, a} + {1'b0, b} + {{32{1'b0}}, c_in};
+
+ //
+ // Output
+ //
+ assign s = s_int[31:0];
+ assign c_out = s_int[32];
+
+endmodule
+
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// End-of-File
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/lowlevel/generic/adder47_generic.v b/lowlevel/generic/adder47_generic.v
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..406c175
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lowlevel/generic/adder47_generic.v
@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//
+// adder47_generic.v
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Generic 47-bit adder.
+//
+// Authors: Pavel Shatov
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2016, NORDUnet A/S
+//
+// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+// modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
+//
+// - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
+// this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+//
+// - Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
+// this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
+// and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+//
+// - Neither the name of the NORDUnet nor the names of its contributors may be
+// used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without
+// specific prior written permission.
+//
+// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
+// AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+// IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
+// ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE
+// LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
+// CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
+// SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
+// INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
+// CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
+// ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
+// POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+//
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+module adder47_generic
+ (
+ input clk, // clock
+ input [46: 0] a, // operand input
+ input [46: 0] b, // operand input
+ output [46: 0] s // sum output
+ );
+
+ //
+ // Sum
+ //
+ reg [46: 0] s_int;
+
+ always @(posedge clk)
+ s_int <= a + b;
+
+ //
+ // Output
+ //
+ assign s = s_int;
+
+endmodule
+
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// End-of-File
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/lowlevel/generic/mac16_generic.v b/lowlevel/generic/mac16_generic.v
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6d120a3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lowlevel/generic/mac16_generic.v
@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//
+// mac16_generic.v
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Generic 16-bit multiplier and 47-bit accumulator.
+//
+// Authors: Pavel Shatov
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2016, NORDUnet A/S
+//
+// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+// modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
+//
+// - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
+// this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+//
+// - Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
+// this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
+// and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+//
+// - Neither the name of the NORDUnet nor the names of its contributors may be
+// used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without
+// specific prior written permission.
+//
+// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
+// AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+// IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
+// ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE
+// LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
+// CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
+// SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
+// INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
+// CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
+// ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
+// POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+//
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+module mac16_generic
+ (
+ input clk, // clock
+ input clr, // clear accumulator (active-high)
+ input ce, // enable clock (active-high)
+ input [15: 0] a, // operand input
+ input [15: 0] b, // operand input
+ output [46: 0] s // sum output
+ );
+
+ //
+ // Multiplier
+ //
+ wire [31: 0] p = {{16{1'b0}}, a} * {{16{1'b0}}, b};
+ wire [46: 0] p_ext = {{15{1'b0}}, p};
+
+ //
+ // Accumulator
+ //
+ reg [46: 0] s_int;
+
+ always @(posedge clk)
+ //
+ if (ce) s_int <= clr ? p_ext : p_ext + s_int;
+
+ //
+ // Output
+ //
+ assign s = s_int;
+
+endmodule
+
+
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// End-of-File
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/lowlevel/generic/modexp_systolic_pe_generic.v b/lowlevel/generic/modexp_systolic_pe_generic.v
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0e338ff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lowlevel/generic/modexp_systolic_pe_generic.v
@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+//======================================================================
+//
+// modexp_systolic_pe_generic.v
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Generic low-level systolic array processing element for ModExp core.
+//
+// Authors: Pavel Shatov
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2017-2018, NORDUnet A/S All rights reserved.
+//
+// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+// modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+// are met:
+// - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+// notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+//
+// - Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+// notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+// documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+//
+// - Neither the name of the NORDUnet nor the names of its contributors may
+// be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
+// without specific prior written permission.
+//
+// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS
+// IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
+// TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A
+// PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+// HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+// SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
+// TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
+// PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
+// LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
+// NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
+// SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+//
+//======================================================================
+
+module modexp_systolic_pe_generic
+ (
+ input clk,
+ input [31: 0] a,
+ input [31: 0] b,
+ input [31: 0] t,
+ input [31: 0] c_in,
+ output [31: 0] p,
+ output [31: 0] c_out
+ );
+
+ //
+ // Customizable Latency
+ //
+ parameter LATENCY = 4;
+
+ //
+ // Delay Line
+ //
+ reg [63: 0] abct[1:LATENCY];
+
+ //
+ // Outputs
+ //
+ assign p = abct[LATENCY][31: 0];
+ assign c_out = abct[LATENCY][63:32];
+
+ //
+ // Sub-products
+ //
+ wire [63: 0] ab = {{32{1'b0}}, a} * {{32{1'b0}}, b};
+ wire [63: 0] ct = {{32{1'b0}}, c_in} + {{32{1'b0}}, t};
+
+ //
+ // Delay
+ //
+ integer i;
+ always @(posedge clk)
+ //
+ for (i=1; i<=LATENCY; i=i+1)
+ abct[i] <= (i == 1) ? ab + ct : abct[i-1];
+
+endmodule
+
+//======================================================================
+// End of file
+//======================================================================
diff --git a/lowlevel/generic/subtractor32_generic.v b/lowlevel/generic/subtractor32_generic.v
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5137ace
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lowlevel/generic/subtractor32_generic.v
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//
+// subtractor32_generic.v
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Generic 32-bit subtractor.
+//
+// Authors: Pavel Shatov
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2016, NORDUnet A/S
+//
+// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+// modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
+//
+// - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
+// this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+//
+// - Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
+// this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
+// and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+//
+// - Neither the name of the NORDUnet nor the names of its contributors may be
+// used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without
+// specific prior written permission.
+//
+// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
+// AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+// IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
+// ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE
+// LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
+// CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
+// SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
+// INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
+// CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
+// ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
+// POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+//
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+module subtractor32_generic
+ (
+ input clk,
+ input [31: 0] a,
+ input [31: 0] b,
+ output [31: 0] d,
+ input b_in,
+ output b_out
+ );
+
+ //
+ // Difference
+ //
+ reg [32: 0] d_int;
+
+ always @(posedge clk)
+ d_int <= {1'b0, a} - {1'b0, b} - {{32{1'b0}}, b_in};
+
+ //
+ // Output
+ //
+ assign d = d_int[31:0];
+ assign b_out = d_int[32];
+
+endmodule
+
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// End-of-File
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------